CUET Exam 2025: Notification (Soon), Exam Date, Application Form, Eligibility, Pattern, Syllabus, Preparation

Languages (IA)-Hindi: Unit 01

• Type of passages: (i) Factual, (ii) narrative, (iii) literary

Languages (IA)-Hindi: Unit 02

Languages (IA)-Hindi: Unit 03

Languages (IA)-Hindi: Unit 04

Languages (IA)-Hindi: Unit 05

Languages (IA)-Hindi: Unit 06

Languages (IA)-Assamese: Unit 01

• Type of passages: (i) Factual, (ii) narrative, (iii) literary

Languages (IA)-Assamese: Unit 02

Languages (IA)-Assamese: Unit 03

Languages (IA)-Assamese: Unit 04

Languages (IA)-Assamese: Unit 05

Languages (IA)-Assamese: Unit 06

Languages (IA)-Bengali: Unit 01

• Type of passages: (i) Factual, (ii) narrative, (iii) literary

Languages (IA)-Bengali: Unit 02

Languages (IA)-Bengali: Unit 03

Languages (IA)-Bengali: Unit 04

Languages (IA)-Bengali: Unit 05

Languages (IA)-Bengali: Unit 06

Languages (IA)-Gujarati: Unit 01

• Type of passages: (i) Factual, (ii) narrative, (iii) literary

Languages (IA)-Gujarati: Unit 02

Languages (IA)-Gujarati: Unit 03

Languages (IA)-Gujarati: Unit 04

Languages (IA)-Gujarati: Unit 05

Languages (IA)-Gujarati: Unit 06

Languages (IA)-Kannada: Unit 01

• Type of passages: (i) Factual, (ii) narrative, (iii) literary

Languages (IA)-Kannada: Unit 02

Languages (IA)-Kannada: Unit 03

Languages (IA)-Kannada: Unit 04

Languages (IA)-Kannada: Unit 05

Languages (IA)-Kannada: Unit 06

Languages (IA)-Malayalam: Unit 01

• Type of passages: (i) Factual, (ii) narrative, (iii) literary

Languages (IA)-Malayalam: Unit 02

Languages (IA)-Malayalam: Unit 03

Languages (IA)-Malayalam: Unit 04

Languages (IA)-Malayalam: Unit 05

Languages (IA)-Malayalam: Unit 06

Languages (IA)-Marathi: Unit 01

• Type of passages: (i) Factual, (ii) narrative, (iii) literary

Languages (IA)-Marathi: Unit 02

Languages (IA)-Marathi: Unit 03

Languages (IA)-Marathi: Unit 04

Languages (IA)-Marathi: Unit 05

Languages (IA)-Marathi: Unit 06

Languages (IA)-Odia: Unit 01

• Type of passages: (i) Factual, (ii) narrative, (iii) literary

Languages (IA)-Odia: Unit 02

Languages (IA)-Odia: Unit 03

Languages (IA)-Odia: Unit 04

Languages (IA)-Odia: Unit 05

Languages (IA)-Odia: Unit 06

Languages (IA)-Punjabi: Unit 01

• Type of passages: (i) Factual, (ii) narrative, (iii) literary

Languages (IA)-Punjabi: Unit 02

Languages (IA)-Punjabi: Unit 03

Languages (IA)-Punjabi: Unit 04

Languages (IA)-Punjabi: Unit 05

Languages (IA)-Punjabi: Unit 06

Languages (IA)-Tamil: Unit 01

• Type of passages: (i) Factual, (ii) narrative, (iii) literary

Languages (IA)-Tamil: Unit 02

Languages (IA)-Tamil: Unit 03

Languages (IA)-Tamil: Unit 04

Languages (IA)-Tamil: Unit 05

Languages (IA)-Tamil: Unit 06

Languages (IA)-Telugu: Unit 01

• Type of passages: (i) Factual, (ii) narrative, (iii) literary

Languages (IA)-Telugu: Unit 02

Languages (IA)-Telugu: Unit 03

Languages (IA)-Telugu: Unit 04

Languages (IA)-Telugu: Unit 05

Languages (IA)-Telugu: Unit 06

Languages (IA)-Urdu: Unit 01

• Type of passages: (i) Factual, (ii) narrative, (iii) literary

Languages (IA)-Urdu: Unit 02

Languages (IA)-Urdu: Unit 03

Languages (IA)-Urdu: Unit 04

Languages (IA)-Urdu: Unit 05

Languages (IA)-Urdu: Unit 06

Languages (IB)-Arabic: Unit 01

• Type of passages: (i) Factual, (ii) narrative, (iii) literary

Languages (IB)-Arabic: Unit 02

Languages (IB)-Arabic: Unit 03

Languages (IB)-Arabic: Unit 04

Languages (IB)-Arabic: Unit 05

Languages (IB)-Arabic: Unit 06

Languages (IB)-Bodo: Unit 01

• Type of passages: (i) Factual, (ii) narrative, (iii) literary

Languages (IB)-Bodo: Unit 02

Languages (IB)-Bodo: Unit 03

Languages (IB)-Bodo: Unit 04

Languages (IB)-Bodo: Unit 05

Languages (IB)-Bodo: Unit 06

Languages (IB)-Chinese: Unit 01

• Type of passages: (i) Factual, (ii) narrative, (iii) literary

Languages (IB)-Chinese: Unit 02

Languages (IB)-Chinese: Unit 03

Languages (IB)-Chinese: Unit 04

Languages (IB)-Chinese: Unit 05

Languages (IB)-Chinese: Unit 06

Languages (IB)-Dogri: Unit 01

• Type of passages: (i) Factual, (ii) narrative, (iii) literary

Languages (IB)-Dogri: Unit 02

Languages (IB)-Dogri: Unit 03

Languages (IB)-Dogri: Unit 04

Languages (IB)-Dogri: Unit 05

Languages (IB)-Dogri: Unit 06

Languages (IB)-French: Unit 01

• Type of passages: (i) Factual, (ii) narrative, (iii) literary

Languages (IB)-French: Unit 02

Languages (IB)-French: Unit 03

Languages (IB)-French: Unit 04

Languages (IB)-French: Unit 05

Languages (IB)-French: Unit 06

Languages (IB)-German: Unit 01

• Type of passages: (i) Factual, (ii) narrative, (iii) literary

Languages (IB)-German: Unit 02

Languages (IB)-German: Unit 03

Languages (IB)-German: Unit 04

Languages (IB)-German: Unit 05

Languages (IB)-German: Unit 06

Languages (IB)-Italian: Unit 01

• Type of passages: (i) Factual, (ii) narrative, (iii) literary

Languages (IB)-Italian: Unit 02

Languages (IB)-Italian: Unit 03

Languages (IB)-Italian: Unit 04

Languages (IB)-Italian: Unit 05

Languages (IB)-Italian: Unit 06

Languages (IB)-Japanese: Unit 01

• Type of passages: (i) Factual, (ii) narrative, (iii) literary

Languages (IB)-Japanese: Unit 02

Languages (IB)-Japanese: Unit 03

Languages (IB)-Japanese: Unit 04

Languages (IB)-Japanese: Unit 05

Languages (IB)-Japanese: Unit 06

Languages (IB)-Kashmiri: Unit 01

• Type of passages: (i) Factual, (ii) narrative, (iii) literary

Languages (IB)-Kashmiri: Unit 02

Languages (IB)-Kashmiri: Unit 03

Languages (IB)-Kashmiri: Unit 04

Languages (IB)-Kashmiri: Unit 05

Languages (IB)-Kashmiri: Unit 06

Languages (IB)-Konkani: Unit 01

• Type of passages: (i) Factual, (ii) narrative, (iii) literary

Languages (IB)-Konkani: Unit 02

Languages (IB)-Konkani: Unit 03

Languages (IB)-Konkani: Unit 04

Languages (IB)-Konkani: Unit 05

Languages (IB)-Konkani: Unit 06

Languages (IB)-Maithili: Unit 01

• Type of passages: (i) Factual, (ii) narrative, (iii) literary

Languages (IB)-Maithili: Unit 02

Languages (IB)-Maithili: Unit 03

Languages (IB)-Maithili: Unit 04

Languages (IB)-Maithili: Unit 05

Languages (IB)-Maithili: Unit 06

Languages (IB)-Manipuri: Unit 01

• Type of passages: (i) Factual, (ii) narrative, (iii) literary

Languages (IB)-Manipuri: Unit 02

Languages (IB)-Manipuri: Unit 03

Languages (IB)-Manipuri: Unit 04

Languages (IB)-Manipuri: Unit 05

Languages (IB)-Manipuri: Unit 06

Languages (IB)-Nepali: Unit 01

• Type of passages: (i) Factual, (ii) narrative, (iii) literary

Languages (IB)-Nepali: Unit 02

Languages (IB)-Nepali: Unit 03

Languages (IB)-Nepali: Unit 04

Languages (IB)-Nepali: Unit 05

Languages (IB)-Nepali: Unit 06

Languages (IB)-Persian: Unit 01

• Type of passages: (i) Factual, (ii) narrative, (iii) literary

Languages (IB)-Persian: Unit 02

Languages (IB)-Persian: Unit 03

Languages (IB)-Persian: Unit 04

Languages (IB)-Persian: Unit 05

Languages (IB)-Persian: Unit 06

Languages (IB)-Russian: Unit 01

• Type of passages: (i) Factual, (ii) narrative, (iii) literary

Languages (IB)-Russian: Unit 02

Languages (IB)-Russian: Unit 03

Languages (IB)-Russian: Unit 04

Languages (IB)-Russian: Unit 05

Languages (IB)-Russian: Unit 06

Languages (IB)-Santhali: Unit 01

• Type of passages: (i) Factual, (ii) narrative, (iii) literary

Languages (IB)-Santhali: Unit 02

Languages (IB)-Santhali: Unit 03

Languages (IB)-Santhali: Unit 04

Languages (IB)-Santhali: Unit 05

Languages (IB)-Santhali: Unit 06

Languages (IB)-SindhI: Unit 01

• Type of passages: (i) Factual, (ii) narrative, (iii) literary

Languages (IB)-SindhI: Unit 02

Languages (IB)-SindhI: Unit 03

Languages (IB)-SindhI: Unit 04

Languages (IB)-SindhI: Unit 05

Languages (IB)-SindhI: Unit 06

Languages (IB)-Spanish: Unit 01

• Type of passages: (i) Factual, (ii) narrative, (iii) literary

Languages (IB)-Spanish: Unit 02

Languages (IB)-Spanish: Unit 03

Languages (IB)-Spanish: Unit 04

Languages (IB)-Spanish: Unit 05

Languages (IB)-Spanish: Unit 06

Languages (IB)-Tibetan: Unit 01

• Type of passages: (i) Factual, (ii) narrative, (iii) literary

Languages (IB)-Tibetan: Unit 02

Languages (IB)-Tibetan: Unit 03

Languages (IB)-Tibetan: Unit 04

Languages (IB)-Tibetan: Unit 05

Languages (IB)-Tibetan: Unit 06

Languages (IB)-Sanskrit: Unit 01

• Type of passages: (i) Factual, (ii) narrative, (iii) literary

Languages (IB)-Sanskrit: Unit 02

Languages (IB)-Sanskrit: Unit 03

Languages (IB)-Sanskrit: Unit 04

Languages (IB)-Sanskrit: Unit 05

Languages (IB)-Sanskrit: Unit 06

Accountancy/ book keeping (accounting for not-for-profit organisations and partnership firms): Unit 01

• Not-for-profit organization: Meaning and examples
• Receipts and payments: Meaning and concept of fund-based and non-fund-based accounting
• Preparation of income and expenditure account and balance sheet from receipt and payment account with additional information

Accountancy/ book keeping (accounting for not-for-profit organisations and partnership firms): Unit 02

• Nature of partnership firm: Partnership deed (meaning, importance)
• Final accounts of partnership: Fixed v/s fluctuating capital, division of profit among partners, profit, and loss appropriation account

Accountancy/ book keeping (accounting for not-for-profit organisations and partnership firms): Unit 03

• Changes in profit sharing ratio among the existing partners-sacrificing ratio and gaining ratio
• Accounting for revaluation of assets and liabilities and distribution of reserves and accumulated profits
• Goodwill: Nature, factors affecting and methods of valuation: Average profit, super profit, multiplier, and capitalisation methods
• Admission of a partner: Effect of admission of a partner, change in profit sharing ratio, the accounting treatment for goodwill, revaluation of assets and liabilities, reserves (accumulated profits), and adjustment of capitals
• Retirement/ death of a partner: Change in profit sharing ratio, accounting treatment of goodwill, revaluation of assets and liabilities, adjustment of accumulated profits (reserves)

Accountancy/ book keeping (accounting for not-for-profit organisations and partnership firms): Unit 04

• Meaning, settlement of accounts: Preparation of realization account and related accounts (excluding piecemeal distribution, sale to a company and insolvency of a partner)

Accountancy/ book keeping (company accounts and financial statement analysis): Unit 01

• Share capital: Meaning, nature, and types
• Accounting for share capital: Issue and allotment of equity and preference shares; over subscription and under subscription; issue at par, premium and at discount; calls in advance, calls in arrears, issue of shares for consideration other than cash
• Forfeiture of shares: Accounting treatment, re-issue of forfeited shares
• Presentation of shares and debentures capital in the company’s balance sheet
• Issue of debenture: At par, premium, and discount; issue of debentures for consideration other than cash
• Redemption of the debenture
• Out of proceeds of fresh issue, accumulated profits, and sinking fund

Accountancy/ book keeping (company accounts and financial statement analysis): Unit 02

• Financial statements of a company: Preparation of simple financial statements of a company in the prescribed form with major headings only
• Financial analysis: Meaning, significance, purpose, limitations
• Tools for financial analysis: Comparative statements, common size statements
• Accounting ratios: Meaning and objectives, types of ratios: (a) Liquidity ratios-current ratio, liquidity ratio. (b) Solvency ratio: Debt to equity, total assets to debt, proprietary ratio. (c) Activity ratio: Inventory turnover, debtors turnover
• Accounting ratios: Types of ratios-(c) activity ratio: payables turnover, working capital turnover, fixed assets turnover, current assets turnover. (d) Profitability ratio: Gross profit, operating ratio, net profit ratio, return on investment
• Accounting ratios: Types of ratios-(d) profitability ratio: Earning per share, dividend per share, profit earning ratio

Accountancy/ book keeping (company accounts and financial statement analysis): Unit 03

• Cash Flow Statement: Meaning and objectives, Preparation, adjustments related to depreciation, dividend and tax, sale and purchase of non-current assets (as per revised standard issued by ICAI)

Accountancy/ book keeping (computerized accounting system): Unit 01

• Concept and types of computerised accounting system (CAS)
• Features of a computerised accounting system
• Structure of a computerised accounting system

Accountancy/ book keeping (computerized accounting system): Unit 02

• Steps in the installation of CAS, preparation of chart of accounts, codification, and hierarchy of account heads
• Data entry, data validation, and data verification
• Adjusting entries, preparation of financial statements, closing entries, and opening entries
• Security of CAS and security features are generally available in CAS (students are expected to understand and practice the entire accounting process using an accounting package)

Accountancy/ book keeping (computerized accounting system): Unit 03

• Concepts of DBMS
• Objects in DBMS: Tables, queries, forms, reports
• Creating data tables for accounting
• Using queries, forms, and reports for generating accounting information
• Applications of DBMS in generating accounting information such as shareholders’ records, sales reports, customers’ profiles, suppliers’ profiles payroll, employees’ profiles, and petty cash registers

Accountancy/ book keeping (computerized accounting system): Unit 04

• Concept of an electronic spreadsheet (ES)
• Features offered by electronic spreadsheet
• Applications of electronic spreadsheet in generating accounting information, preparing depreciation schedules, loan repayment schedules, payroll accounting, and other such company

Agriculture: Unit 01

• Agrometeorology: Elements of weather-rainfall, temperature, humidity, wind velocity, sunshine weather forecasting, climate change in relation to crop production
• Genetics and plant breeding: (a) Cell and its structure, cell division-mitosis and meiosis and their significance, (b) organisation of the genetic materials in chromosomes, DNA and RNA, (c) Mendel’s laws of inheritance
• Genetics and plant breeding: (c) Reasons for the success of Mendel in his experiments, absence of linkage in Mendel’s experiments, (d) quantitative inheritance, continuous and discontinuous variation in plants, (e) monogenic and polygenic inheritance
• Genetics and plant breeding: (f) Role of genetics in plant breeding, self and cross-pollinated crops, methods of breeding in field crops-introduction, selection, hybridization, mutation and polyploidy, tissue and cell culture
• Genetics and plant breeding: (g) Plant biotechnology-definition and scope in crop production
• Biochemistry: pH and buffers, classification and nomenclature of carbohydrates; proteins; lipids; vitamins and enzymes
• Microbiology: Microbial cell structure, microorganisms-algae, bacteria, fungi, actinomycetes, protozoa, and viruses. Role of microorganisms in respiration, fermentation and organic matter decomposition

Agriculture: Unit 02

• Scope and importance: (a) Importance of livestock in agriculture and industry, white revolution in India, (b) important breeds Indian and exotic, distribution of cows, buffaloes and poultry in India
• Care and management: (a) Systems of cattle and poultry housing, (b) principles of feeding, feeding practices, (c) balanced ration-definition and ingredients
• Care and management: (d) Management of calves, bullocks, pregnant and milch animals as well as chicks cockerels and layers, poultry
• Care and management: (e) signs of sick animals, symptoms of common diseases in cattle and poultry, rinderpest, black quarter, foot and mouth, mastitis and haemorrhagic septicaemia coccidiosis, fowl pox and Ranikhet disease, their prevention and control
• Artificial insemination: Reproductive organs, collection, dilution and preservation of semen and artificial insemination, role of artificial insemination in cattle improvement
• Livestock products: Processing and marketing of milk and milk products

Agriculture: Unit 03

• Introduction: (a) Targets and achievements in food grain production in India since independence and its future projections, sustainable crop production, commercialization of agriculture and its scope in India
• Introduction: (b) Classification of field crops based on their utility-cereals, pulses, oils seeds, fibre, sugar, and forage crops
• Soil, soil fertility, fertilizers, and manures: (a) Soil, soil pH, soil texture, soil structure, soil organisms, soil tilth, soil fertility and soil health. (b) Essential plant nutrients, their functions and deficiency symptoms
• Soil, soil fertility, fertilizers, and manures: (c) Soil types of India and their characteristics. (d) Organic manure, common fertilizers including straight, complex, fertilizer mixtures and biofertilizers; integrated nutrient management system
• Irrigation and drainage: (a) Sources of irrigation (rain, canals, tanks, rivers, wells, tubewells). (b) Scheduling of irrigation based on critical stages of growth, time interval, soil moisture content and weather parameters
• Irrigation and drainage: (c) Water requirement of crops. (d) Methods of irrigation and drainage. (e) Watershed management
• Weed control: Principles of weed control, methods of weed control (cultural, mechanical, chemical, biological, and integrated weed management)
• Crops: Seed bed preparation, seed treatment, time and method of sowing/ planting, seed rate; dose, method and time of fertilizer application, irrigation, intercultural and weed control
• Crops: Common pests and diseases, caused by bacteria, fungi virus and nematode and their control, integrated pest management, harvesting, threshing, post harvest technology: Storage, processing and marketing of major field crops-rice, wheat, maize
• Crops: Post harvest technology-storage, processing and marketing of major field crops: Sorghum, pearl millet, groundnut, mustard, pigeon-pea, gram, sugarcane, cotton, and berseem

Agriculture: Unit 04

• Importance of fruits and vegetables in human diet, crop diversification and processing industry
• Orchard-location and layout, ornamental gardening and kitchen garden
• Planting system, training, pruning, intercropping, protection from frost and sunburn
• Trees, shrubs, climbers, annuals, perennials-definition and examples
• Propagation by seed, cutting, budding, layering and grafting
• Cultivation practices, processing and marketing of: (i) Fruits-mango, papaya, banana, guava, citrus, grapes. (ii) Vegetables-radish, carrot, potato, onion, cauliflower, brinjal, tomato, spinach and cabbage
• Cultivation practices, processing and marketing of: (iii) Flowers-gladiolus, canna, chrysanthemums, roses, and marigold
• Principles and methods of fruit and vegetable preservation
• Preparation of jellies, jams, ketchup, chips and their packing

Anthropology: Unit 01

• Preliminary knowledge of human genetics
• Mendel’s laws of heredity monohybrid and dihybrid ratio
• Definition of race and racial criteria, significance of skin colour, eye form and colour, headform, and Aba blood groups as racial criteria
• Racial classification, distinctive physical features and geographical distribution of the major racial groups of man: Caucasoid, mongoloid, negroid, and australoid

Anthropology: Unit 02

• Tool making: Techniques of manufacturing core and flake tools, primary and secondary flaking, pressure flaking, grinding and polishing. Materials used in making prehistoric tools
• Tool families: Pebble tools, hand axe, cleaver, scrapers, microliths, points, blades, awl, graver, Celts, sickles, spear-head, arrow-head and bone tools
• Prehistoric cultures: A brief outline of the following prehistoric cultures of the Paleolithic, Mesolithic, and Neolithic periods
• A comparative study of the salient features of paleolithic and neolithic cultures

Anthropology: Unit 03

• Economic life: Meaning and aspects, characteristic features of primitive or simple economic system
• Subsistence economy: Domestication of animals-pastoralism, agriculture-shifting cultivation, horticulture, terrace cultivation and plough cultivation
• Brief outline of the methods of hunting, fishing and agriculture with reference to various communities of north east India as far as practicable

Anthropology: Unit 04

• Social anthropology: (i) Family: Definition, forms and types: Nuclear family, joint family, family of orientation, family of procreation, monogamous and polygamous (polygynous and polyandrous). (ii) Clustered relationship in a nuclear family
• Social anthropology: (iii) Rules of residence-patrilocal, matrilocal, neolocal, avancolocal, bi-local, matri patrilocal. Rules of descent: Patrilineal and matrilineal descent. (iv) Functions of family, social nature of family
• Ethnography: (i) A brief outline of the land and people of North-East India. (ii) Study of material culture and economic life of the following communities, (iii) The Garo: Shifting or jhum cultivation. (iv) The mishing: Plough cultivation
• Ethnography: (v) A study of social organization of the Ao Naga and the Apatani

Anthropology: Unit 05

• Meaning and definition of ecology and environment
• Elements of the environment: Solid, liquid, and gas
• Physical or abiotic environment, biological or biotic environment and socio cultural environment
• Man as the main agent to disturb the ecological balance

Fine art (painting, sculpture, graphics and commercial arts): Unit 01

• Introduction to Indian miniature schools: Western-Indian, Pala, Rajasthani, Mughal, Central India, Deccan,and Pahari
• The Rajasthani schools: (i) Origin and development of the following schools in brief-Mewar, Bundi, Bikaner, Kishangarh, and Jaipur, and the main features of the Rajasthani schools
• The Rajasthani schools: (ii) Study of the following Rajasthani paintings-(a) A folio from Ramayana paintings of Sahibdin-Mewar, (b) One court scene or Hunting scene or festival scene-Mewar Jagat Singh-II, (c) One folio from Ragamala or Rasikapriya-Bundi
• The Rajasthani schools: (ii) Study of the following Rajasthani paintings-(d) One painting of a hunting scene in a forest Maharaja-Kotah with Kotah, (e) Radha (Bani-Thani) by Nihal Chand-Kishangarh, (f) Pabuji Ki Phad, folk scroll painting-Bhilwara
• The Rajasthani schools: (ii) Study of the following Rajasthani paintings-(g) Maru Ragini-Mewar, (h) Raja Aniruddha Singh Hara-Bundi, (i) Chaugan Players-Jodhpur, (j) Krishna on swing-Bikaner, (k) Radha (Bani- Thani)-Kishangarh
• The Rajasthani schools: (ii) Study of the following Rajasthani paintings-(l) Bharat Meets Rama at Chitrakuta-Jaipur
• The Pahari schools: (i) Origin and development of Basohli, Guler, and Kangra schools in brief and main features of the Pahari schools
• The pahari schools: (ii) Study of the following pahari painting-(a) One folio of Ramayana (Sangri-early phase)-Basohli, (b) One Folio of Gita Govinda of Jaideva by Manaku-Guler, (c) One Krishna Lila or Bhagavata Purana Sukh-Kangra Folio by Nain
• The pahari schools: (ii) Study of the following pahari painting-(d) One painting from Nayaka Nayika Baramasa or Ragamala-Guler Kangra, (e) Krishna with Gopis-Basohli, (f) Nand, Yashoda and Krishna with Kinsmen going to Vrindavana-Kangra

Fine art (painting, sculpture, graphics and commercial arts): Unit 02

• The Mughal school: (i) Origin and development of the Mughal school in brief and main features of the Mughal school
• The Mughal school: (ii) Study of the following Mughal paintings-(a) A folio from Akbar Namah (title)-Basawan (painter)-Akbar (school), (b) Babur crossing the river Sone (title)-Jagannath (painter)-Akbar (school)
• The Mughal school: (ii) Study of the following Mughal paintings-(c) Krishna lifting mount Govardhana (title)-Miskin (painter)-Akbar (school), (d) Birth of Salim (title)-Ramdas (painter)-Akbar (school)
• The Mughal school: (ii) Study of the following Mughal paintings-(e) Jahangir holding the picture (title)-Abul Hassan (painter)-Jahangir (school), (f) Falcon on Bird-Rest (title)-Ustad Mansoor (painter)-Jahangir (school)
• The Mughal school: (ii) Study of the following Mughal paintings-(g) Kabir and Raidas-Ustad Faqir Ullah Khan-Shahjahan, (h) Marriage procession of Dara Shikoh (title)-Haji Madni (painter)-Provincial Mughal (Oudh) (school)
• The Deccani school: (i) Origin and development of the Deccani school and main features of the Deccan school
• The Deccani school: (ii) Study of the following Deccani paintings-(a) Ibrahim Adil Shah-II of Bijapur-Bijapur, (b) Raga Hindola-Ahmednagar, (c) Ragini Pathamsika-Ahmadnagar, (d) Hazrat Nizamuddin Auliya and Amir Khusro-Hyderabad
• The Deccani school: (ii) Study of the following Deccani paintings-(e) Chand Bibi Playing Polo (Chaugan)-Golconda

Fine art (painting, sculpture, graphics and commercial arts): Unit 03

• New Era in Indian art-an introduction
• Study of the following paintings: (i) Rama Vanquishing the pride of the ocean-Raja Ravi Verma, (ii) Journey’s End-Abanindranath Tagore, (iii) Parthasarathi-Nandalal Bose, (ii) Ghalib’s Poetry Painting based on-M.A.R. Chughtai
• Study of the following paintings: (iii) Select a cubistic painting-Gaganendranath Tagore, (iv) Mother and child-Jamini Roy, (v) Female Face-Rabindranath Tagore, (vi) Hill Women-Amrita Sher Gill, (Vii) Shiv and Sati-Nandlal Bose
• Study of the following paintings: (viii) Rasa-Lila-Kshitindranath Majumdar, (ix) Radhika-M.A.R. Chughtai, (vii) Meghdoot-Ram Gopal Vijayvargiya
• National flag and the symbolic significance of its forms and the colours
• Contribution of Indian artists in the struggle for National Freedom Movement
• Tiller of the Soil-Nandlal Bose

Fine art (painting, sculpture, graphics and commercial arts): Unit 04

• Study of the following paintings: (i) Mother Teresa (painting)-M.F. Hussain (artist/ painter), (ii) Birth of poetry (painting)-K.K. Hebbar (artist/ painter), (iii) Gossip (painting)-N.S. Bendre (artist/ painter)
• Study of the following paintings: (iv) Tantric painting-G.R. Santosh (artist/ painter), (v) Words and images (painting)-K.C.S. Panikkar (artist/ painter), (vi) Rama vanquishing the pride of the ocean (painting)-Raja Ravi Varma (artist/ painter)
• Study of the following paintings: (vii) Mother and child (painting)-Jamini Roy (artist/ painter), (viii) Haldi Grinders (painter)-Amrita Sher Gil (artist/ painter), (ix) The Vulture (painting)-Kamlesh Dutt Pande (artist/ painter)

Fine art (painting, sculpture, graphics and commercial arts): Unit 05

• Study of the following sculptures: (i) Triumph of Labour-D. P. Roychowdhury, (ii) Santhal Family-Ramkinker Vaij, (iii) Standing Woman-Dhanraj Bhagat, (iv) Cries Unheard-Amarnath Sehgal, (v) Ganesha Figure-P.V.Janakiram
• Study of the following sculptures: (vi) Dhanpal-Sankho Chaudhuri, (vii) Chaturmukhi-Aekka Yada Giri Rao

Fine art (painting, sculpture, graphics and commercial arts): Unit 06

• Study of the following Graphic-prints: (i) Whirlpool-Krishna Reddy, (ii) Children-Somnath Hore, (iii) Devi-Jyoti Bhatt, (iv) Of walls-Anupam Sud, (v) Man, Woman and Tree-K. Laxma Goud

Biology/ biological studies/ biotechnology/ biochemistry: Unit 01

• Reproduction in organisms: Reproduction, a characteristic feature of all organisms for continuation of species; modes of reproduction-asexual and sexual; asexual reproduction; modes-binary fission, sporulation, budding, gemmule, fragmentation
• Reproduction in organisms: Vegetative propagation in plants
• Sexual reproduction in flowering plants: Flower structure; development of male and female gametophytes; pollination-types, agencies and examples; outbreeding devices; pollen-pistil interaction; double fertilization
• Sexual reproduction in flowering plants: Post fertilization events-development of endosperm and embryo, development of seed and formation of fruit; special modes-apomixis, parthenocarpy, polyembryony; significance of seed and fruit formation
• Human reproduction: Male and female reproductive systems; microscopic anatomy of testis and ovary; gametogenesis-spermatogenesis and oogenesis; menstrual cycle; fertilisation, embryo development upto blastocyst formation, implantation
• Human reproduction: Pregnancy and placenta formation (elementary idea); parturition (elementary idea); lactation (elementary idea)
• Reproductive health: Need for reproductive health and prevention of sexually transmitted diseases (STD); birth control-need and methods, contraception and medical termination of pregnancy (MTP); amniocentesis
• Reproductive health: Infertility and assisted reproductive technologies-VF, ZIFT, GIFT (elementary idea for general awareness)

Biology/ biological studies/ biotechnology/ biochemistry: Unit 02

• Heredity and variation: Mendelian inheritance; deviations from Mendelism-incomplete dominance, codominance, multiple alleles and inheritance of blood groups, pleiotropy; elementary idea of polygenic inheritance; chromosome theory of inheritance
• Heredity and variation: Chromosomes and genes; sex determination-in humans, birds, honey bee; linkage and crossing over; sex linked inheritance-haemophilia, colour blindness; Mendelian disorders in humans-thalassemia; chromosomal disorders in humans
• Heredity and variation: Down’s syndrome, Turner’s and Klinefelter’s syndromes
• Molecular basis of inheritance: Search for genetic material and DNA as genetic material; structure of DNA and RNA; DNA packaging; DNA replication; central dogma; transcription, genetic code, translation; gene expression and regulation-lac operon
• Molecular basis of inheritance: Genome and human genome project; DNA fingerprinting
• Evolution: origin of life; biological evolution and evidences for biological evolution (paleontological, comparative anatomy, embryology and molecular evidence); Darwin’s contribution, modern synthetic theory of evolution
• Evolution: Mechanism of evolution-variation (mutation and recombination) and natural selection with examples, types of natural selection; gene flow and genetic drift; Hardy-Weinberg’s principle; adaptive radiation; human evolution

Biology/ biological studies/ biotechnology/ biochemistry: Unit 03

• Health and disease: Pathogens; parasites causing human diseases (malaria, filariasis, ascariasis, typhoid, pneumonia, common cold, amoebiasis, ringworm); basic concepts of immunology-vaccines; cancer, HIV and aids; adolescence, drug and alcohol abuse
• Improvement in food production: Plant breeding, tissue culture, single cell protein, biofortification; apiculture and animal husbandry
• Microbes in human welfare: In household food processing, industrial production, sewage treatment, energy generation and as biocontrol agents and biofertilizers

Biology/ biological studies/ biotechnology/ biochemistry: Unit 04

• Principles and process of biotechnology: Genetic engineering (recombinant DNA technology)
• Application of biotechnology in health and agriculture: Human insulin and vaccine production, gene therapy; genetically modified organisms-Bt crops; transgenic animals; biosafety issues-biopiracy and patents

Biology/ biological studies/ biotechnology/ biochemistry: Unit 05

• Organisms and environment: Habitat and niche; population and ecological adaptations; population interactions-mutualism, competition, predation, parasitism; population attributes-growth, birth rate and death rate, age distribution
• Ecosystems: Patterns, components; productivity and decomposition; energy flow; pyramids of number, biomass, energy; nutrient cycling (carbon and phosphorous); ecological succession; ecological services-carbon fixation, pollination, oxygen release
• Biodiversity and its conservation: Concept of biodiversity; patterns of biodiversity; importance of biodiversity; loss of biodiversity; biodiversity conservation; hotspots, endangered organisms, extinction, red data book, biosphere reserves
• Biodiversity and its conservation: National parks and sanctuaries
• Environmental issues: Air pollution and its control; water pollution and its control; agrochemicals and their effects; solid waste management; radioactive waste management; greenhouse effect and global warming; ozone depletion; deforestation
• Environmental issues: Any three case studies as success stories addressing environmental issues

Business studies (principles and functions of management): Unit 01

• Management-concept, objectives, importance
• Nature of management; management as science, art, profession
• Levels of management-top, middle supervisory (first level)
• Management functions-planning, organizing, staffing, directing, and controlling
• Coordination-nature, and importance

Business studies (principles and functions of management): Unit 02

• Principles of management-meaning, nature, and significance
• Fayol’s principles of management
• Taylor’s scientific management-principles and techniques

Business studies (principles and functions of management): Unit 03

• Business environment-meaning and importance
• Dimensions of business environment-economic, social, technological, political, and legal
• Economic environment in India; impact of government policy changes on business and industry, with special reference to the adoption of the policies of liberalization privatization, and globalization

Business studies (principles and functions of management): Unit 04

• Meaning, features, importance, limitations
• Planning process
• Types of plans-objectives, strategy, policy, procedure, method, rule, budget, programme

Business studies (principles and functions of management): Unit 05

• Meaning and importance
• Steps in the process of organizing
• Structure of organization-functional, and divisional
• Formal and informal organization
• Delegation: Meaning elements and importance
• Decentralization: Meaning and importance
• Difference between delegation and decentralization

Business studies (principles and functions of management): Unit 06

• Meaning, need, and importance of staffing
• Staffing as a part of human resources management
• Steps in the staffing process
• Recruitment-meaning and sources
• Selection-meaning and process
• Training and development-meaning, need, methods-on the job and off the job methods of training

Business studies (principles and functions of management): Unit 07

• Meaning, importance, and principles
• Elements of direction: (a) Supervision-meaning and importance, (b) motivation-meaning and importance, Maslow’s hierarchy of needs; financial and non-financial incentives, (c) leadership-meaning, importance; qualities of a good leader
• Elements of direction: (d) Communication-meaning and importance, formal and informal communication; barriers to effective communication

Business studies (principles and functions of management): Unit 08

• Meaning and importance
• Relationship between planning and controlling
• Steps in the process of control
• Techniques of controlling

Business studies (business finance and marketing): Unit 01

• Business finance-meaning, role, objectives of financial management
• Financial planning-meaning and importance
• Capital structure-meaning and factors
• Fixed and working capital-meaning and factors affecting their requirements

Business studies (business finance and marketing): Unit 02

• Concept of financial market: Money market-nature instruments
• Capital market: Nature and types-primary and secondary market
• The distinction between capital market and money market
• Stock exchange-meaning, functions, NSEI, OCTEI, trading procedure
• Securities and exchange board of India (SEBI)-objectives, functions

Business studies (business finance and marketing): Unit 03

• Marketing-meaning, functions, role
• The distinction between marketing and selling
• Marketing mix-concept and elements: Product-nature, classification, branding, labeling, and packaging, physical distribution: Meaning, role; channels of distribution, meaning, types, factors, determining the choice of channels
• Marketing mix-concept and elements: Promotion-meaning and role, promotion mix, role of advertising and personal selling; objections to advertising. Price: Factors influencing pricing

Business studies (business finance and marketing): Unit 04

• Importance of consumer protection
• Consumer rights
• Consumer responsibilities
• Ways and means of consumer protection-consumer awareness and legal redressal with special reference to the consumer protection act
• Role of consumer organizations and ngos

Business studies (business finance and marketing): Unit 05

• Concept, functions, and need
• Entrepreneurship characteristics and competencies
• Process of entrepreneurship development
• Entrepreneurial values, attitudes, and motivation-meaning and concept

Chemistry: Unit 01

• Classification of solids based on different binding forces: Molecular, ionic covalent, and metallic solids, amorphous and crystalline solids (elementary idea), unit cell in two dimensional and three-dimensional lattices
• Classification of solids based on different binding forces: Calculation of density of unit cell, packing in solids, packing efficiency, voids, number of atoms per unit cell in a cubic unit cell, point defects, electrical and magnetic properties
• Classification of solids based on different binding forces: Band theory of metals, conductors, semiconductors and insulators and n and p-type semiconductors

Chemistry: Unit 02

• Types of solutions, expression of concentration of solutions of solids in liquids, the solubility of gases in liquids, solid solutions, colligative properties-the relative lowering of vapour pressure, Raoult’s law, elevation of B.P.
• Depression of freezing point, osmotic pressure, determination of molecular masses using colligative properties, abnormal molecular mass, Van't Hoff factor

Chemistry: Unit 03

• Redox reactions; conductance in electrolytic solutions, specific and molar conductivity variations of conductivity with concentration, Kohlrausch’s Law, electrolysis and laws of electrolysis (elementary idea)
• Dry cell-electrolytic cells and Galvanic cells, lead accumulator, emf of a cell, standard electrode potential, Nernst equation and its application to chemical cells
• Relation between Gibbs energy change and EMF of a cell, fuel cells; corrosion

Chemistry: Unit 04

• Rate of a reaction (average and instantaneous), factors affecting rates of reaction: Concentration, temperature, catalyst; order and molecularity of a reaction; rate law and specific rate constant
• Integrated rate equations, and half-life (only for zero and first-order reactions); concept of collision theory (elementary idea, no mathematical treatment)
• Activation energy, Arrhenius equation

Chemistry: Unit 05

• Adsorption-physisorption and chemisorption; factors affecting adsorption of gases on solids; catalysis: Homogeneous and heterogeneous, activity and selectivity: Enzyme catalysis; colloidal state: The distinction between true solutions
• Colloidal state: Colloids, and suspensions; lyophilic, lyophobic multimolecular and macromolecular colloids; properties of colloids; Tyndall effect, Brownian movement, electrophoresis, coagulation; emulsions-types of emulsions

Chemistry: Unit 06

• Principles and methods of extraction-concentration, oxidation, reduction electrolytic method, and refining; occurrence and principles of extraction of aluminum, copper, zinc, and iron

Chemistry: Unit 07

• Group 15 elements: General introduction, electronic configuration, occurrence, oxidation states, trends in physical and chemical properties; nitrogen-preparation, properties, and uses
• Group 15 elements: Compounds of nitrogen: Preparation and properties of ammonia and nitric acid, oxides of nitrogen ( structure only); phosphorus-allotropic forms; compounds of phosphorus: Preparation and properties of phosphine
• Group 15 elements: Compounds of phosphorus-halides (PCl3, PCl5) and oxoacids (elementary idea only)
• Group 16 elements: General introduction, electronic configuration, oxidation states, occurrence, trends in physical and chemical properties; dioxygen: Preparation, properties, and uses; classification of oxides; ozone. Sulphur-allotropic forms
• Group 16 elements: Compounds of sulphur: Preparation, properties, and uses of sulphur dioxide; sulphuric acid: Industrial process of manufacture, properties and uses, oxoacids of sulphur (structures only)
• Group 17 elements: General introduction, electronic configuration, oxidation states, occurrence, trends in physical and chemical properties; compounds of halogens: Preparation, properties and uses of chlorine and hydrochloric acid
• Group 17 elements: Interhalogen compounds, oxoacids of halogens (structures only)
• Group 18 Elements: General introduction, electronic configuration, occurrence, trends in physical and chemical properties, uses

Chemistry: Unit 08

• General introduction, electronic configuration, occurrence and characteristics of transition metals, general trends in properties of the first-row transition metals-metallic character, ionization enthalpy, oxidation states, ionic radii, colour
• Catalytic property, magnetic properties, interstitial compounds, alloy formation
• Preparation and Properties of K2Cr2O7 and KMnO4
• Lanthanoids-electronic configuration, oxidation states, chemical reactivity, and lanthanoid contraction and its consequences
• Actinoids-electronic configuration, oxidation states, and comparison with lanthanide

Chemistry: Unit 09

• Coordination compounds: Introduction, ligands, coordination number, colour, magnetic properties and shapes, IUPAC nomenclature of mononuclear coordination compounds, bonding, Werner’s theory VBT, CFT
• Coordination compounds: isomerism (structural and stereo) importance of coordination compounds (in qualitative analysis, extraction of metals and biological systems)

Chemistry: Unit 10

• Haloalkanes: Nomenclature, nature of C-X bond, physical and chemical properties, mechanism of substitution reactions. Optical rotation
• Haloarenes: Nature of C-X bond, substitution reactions (directive influence of halogen for mono substituted compounds only)
• Uses and environmental effects of-dichloromethane, trichloromethane, tetrachloromethane, iodoform, freons, DDT

Chemistry: Unit 11

• Alcohols: Nomenclature, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties (of primary alcohols only); identification of primary, secondary, and tertiary alcohols; mechanism of dehydration, uses, with special reference to methanol and ethanol
• Phenols: Nomenclature, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties, acidic nature of phenol, electrophilic substitution reactions, uses of phenols
• Ethers: Nomenclature, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties, uses

Chemistry: Unit 12

• Aldehydes and ketones: Nomenclature, nature of carbonyl group, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties, mechanism of nucleophilic addition, the reactivity of alpha hydrogen in aldehydes; uses
• Carboxylic Acids: Nomenclature, acidic nature, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties; uses

Chemistry: Unit 13

• Amines: Nomenclature, classification, structure, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties, uses, identification of primary secondary, and tertiary amines
• Cyanides and isocyanides-will be mentioned at relevant places in context
• Diazonium salts: Preparation, chemical reactions, and importance in synthetic organic chemistry

Chemistry: Unit 14

• Carbohydrates: Classification (aldoses and ketoses), monosaccharide (glucose and fructose), D-L configuration, oligosaccharides (sucrose, lactose, maltose), polysaccharides (starch, cellulose, glycogen): Importance
• Proteins: Elementary idea of a-amino acids, peptide bond, polypeptides, proteins, primary structure, secondary structure, tertiary structure and quaternary structure (qualitative idea only), denaturation of proteins; enzymes
• Hormones: Elementary idea (excluding structure)
• Vitamins: Classification and functions
• Nucleic acids: DNA and RNA

Chemistry: Unit 15

• Classification-natural and synthetic, methods of polymerization (addition and condensation), copolymerization
• Some important polymers: Natural and synthetic like polythene, nylon, polyesters, bakelite, rubber
• Biodegradable and non-Biodegradable polymers

Chemistry: Unit 16

• Chemicals in medicines-analgesics, tranquilizers, antiseptics, disinfectants, antimicrobials, antifertility drugs, antibiotics, antacids, antihistamines
• Chemicals in food-preservatives, artificial sweetening agents, elementary idea of antioxidants
• Cleansing agents-soaps and detergents, cleansing action

Computer science/ informatics practices (section-A): Unit 01

• Exception handling: Syntax errors, exceptions, need of exception handling, user-defined exceptions, raising exceptions, handling exceptions, catching exceptions, Try-except-else clause, Try-finally clause, recovering and continuing with finally
• Exception handling: Built-in exception classes
• File handling: Text file and binary file, file types, open and close files, reading and writing text files, reading and writing binary files using pickle module, file access modes

Computer science/ informatics practices (section-A): Unit 02

• Introduction to database concepts, difference between database and file system, relational data model: Concept of domain, tuple, relation, keys - candidate key, primary key, alternate key, foreign key; relational algebra: Selection, projection
• Relational algebra: Union, set difference and Cartesian product

Computer science/ informatics practices (section-A): Unit 03

• Advantages of using structured query language, data definition language, data query language and data manipulation language, introduction to My SQL, creating a database using MySQL, data types, data definition: CREATE TABLE, DROP TABLE, ALTER TABLE
• Data query: SELECT, FROM, WHERE, data manipulation: INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE, math functions: POWER (), ROUND (), MOD ()
• Text functions: UCASE ()/ UPPER (), LCASE ()/ LOWER (), MID ()/ SUBSTRING ()/ SUBSTR (), LENGTH (), LEFT (), RIGHT (), INSTR (), LTRIM (), RTRIM (), TRIM ()
• Date functions: NOW (), DATE (), MONTH (), MONTHNAME (), YEAR (), DAY (), DAYNAME ()
• Aggregate functions: MAX (), MIN (), AVG (), SUM (), COUNT (); using COUNT (*)
• Querying and manipulating data using group by, having, order by
• Operations on relations-union, intersection, minus, Cartesian product, JOIN

Computer science/ informatics practices (section-A): Unit 04

• Introduction to computer networks, evolution of networking, network types: LAN, WAN, MAN, network devices: Modem, ethernet card, repeater, hub, switch, router, gateway
• Network topologies: Mesh, ring, bus, star, and tree topologies, basic concept of MAC and IP address, difference between internet and web

Computer science/ informatics practices (section-B1-computer science): Unit 01

• Exception handling: Syntax errors, exceptions, need of exception handling, user-defined exceptions, raising exceptions, handling exceptions, catching exceptions, Try-except-else clause, Try-finally clause, recovering and continuing with finally
• Exception handling: Built-in exception classes
• File handling: Text file and binary file, file types, open and close files, reading and writing text files, reading and writing binary files using pickle module, file access modes

Computer science/ informatics practices (section-B1-computer science): Unit 02

• Stack (list implementation): Introduction to stack (LIFO operations), operations on stack (PUSH and POP) and its implementation in python. Expressions in prefix, infix and postfix notations, evaluating arithmetic expressions using stack
• Stack (list implementation): Conversion of Infix expression to postfix expression

Computer science/ informatics practices (section-B1-computer science): Unit 03

• Queue (list implementation): Introduction to queue (FIFO), operations on queue (insert and delete) and its implementation in Python. Introduction to DQueue and its implementation in Python

Computer science/ informatics practices (section-B1-computer science): Unit 04

• Searching: Sequential search, binary search, analysis of sequential and binary search
• Dry run to identify best, worst and average cases
• Implementation of searching techniques in Python

Computer science/ informatics practices (section-B1-computer science): Unit 05

• Overview of sorting techniques, bubble sort, selection sort and insertion sort
• Dry run to identify best, worst and average cases
• Implementation of sorting techniques in Python
• Hashing: Hash functions, collision resolution, implementing the map abstract data type

Computer science/ informatics practices (section-B1-computer science): Unit 06

• Data and its purpose, collection and organization; understanding data using statistical methods: Mean, median, standard deviation, variance; data interpretation; visualization of data

Computer science/ informatics practices (section-B1-computer science): Unit 07

• Introduction to database concepts, difference between database and file system, relational data model: Concept of domain, tuple, relation, keys-candidate key, primary key, alternate key, foreign key; relational algebra: selection, projection, union
• Relational algebra: Set difference and Cartesian product

Computer science/ informatics practices (section-B1-computer science): Unit 08

• Advantages of using structured query language, data definition language, data query language and data manipulation language, introduction to My SQL, creating a database using My SQL, data types, data definition: CREATE TABLE, DROP TABLE, ALTER TABLE
• Data query: SELECT, FROM, WHERE, data manipulation: INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE, math functions: POWER (), ROUND (), MOD ()
• Text functions: UCASE ()/UPPER (), LCASE ()/LOWER (), MID ()/SUBSTRING ()/SUBSTR (), LENGTH (), LEFT (), RIGHT (), INSTR (), LTRIM (), RTRIM (), TRIM ()
• Date functions: NOW (), DATE (), MONTH (), MONTHNAME (), YEAR (), DAY (), DAYNAME ()
• Aggregate functions: MAX (), MIN (), AVG (), SUM (), COUNT (); using COUNT (*)
• Querying and manipulating data using group by, having, order by
• Operations on relations-union, intersection, minus, Cartesian product, JOIN

Computer science/ informatics practices (section-B1-computer science): Unit 09

• Introduction to computer networks, evolution of networking, network types: LAN, WAN, MAN, network devices: Modem, ethernet card, repeater, hub, switch, router, gateway
• Network topologies: Mesh, ring, bus, star, and tree topologies, basic concept of MAC and IP address, difference between internet and web

Computer science/ informatics practices (section-B2-informatics practices): Unit 01

• Math functions: POWER (), ROUND (), MOD ()
• Text functions: UCASE ()/ UPPER (), LCASE ()/ LOWER (), MID ()/ SUBSTRING ()/ SUBSTR (), LENGTH (), LEFT (), RIGHT (), INSTR (), LTRIM (), RTRIM (), TRIM ()
• Date functions: NOW (), DATE (), MONTH (), MONTHNAME (), YEAR (), DAY (), DAYNAME ()
• Aggregate functions: MAX (), MIN (), AVG (), SUM (), COUNT (); using COUNT (*)
• Querying and manipulating data using group by, having, order by
• Operations on relations-union, intersection, minus, Cartesian product, JOIN

Computer science/ informatics practices (section-B2-informatics practices): Unit 02

• Introduction to Python libraries-Pandas, NumPy, Matplotlib
• Data structures in pandas-series and data frames
• Series: Creation of series from-and array, dictionary, scalar value; mathematical operations; head and tail functions; selection, indexing, and slicing
• Data frames: Creation-from the dictionary of series, list of dictionaries, text/ CSV files; display; iteration; operations on rows and columns: Add, select, delete, rename; head and tail functions; indexing using labels, Boolean indexing
• Data frames: Styling and formatting data, head and tail functions; joining, merging and concatenations
• Importing/ exporting data between CSV files and data frames

Computer science/ informatics practices (section-B2-informatics practices): Unit 03

• Descriptive statistics: max, min, count, sum, mean, median, mode, quartile, standard deviation, variance
• Dataframe operations: Aggregation, group by, sorting, deleting and renaming index, pivoting
• Handling missing values-dropping and filling
• Importing/ exporting data between My SQL database and Pandas

Computer science/ informatics practices (section-B2-informatics practices): Unit 04

• Purpose of plotting; drawing and saving the following types of plots using Matplotlib-line plot, bar graph, histogram, pie chart, frequency polygon, box plot, and scatter plot
• Customizing plots: Color, style (dashed, dotted), width; adding label, title, and legend in plots

Computer science/ informatics practices (section-B2-informatics practices): Unit 05

• Introduction to networks, types of networks: LAN, MAN, WAN
• Network devices: Modem, hub, switch, repeater, router, gateway, network topologies: Star, bus, tree, mesh
• Introduction to internet, URL, www, and its applications-web, email, chat, VoIP
• Website: Introduction, the difference between a website and webpage, static vs dynamic web page, web server, and hosting of a website
• Web browsers: Introduction, commonly used browsers, browser settings, add-ons and plugins, cookies

Computer science/ informatics practices (section-B2-informatics practices): Unit 06

• Digital footprint, etiquettes for net surfing and for communicating through social media, data protection, intellectual property rights (IPR) and their violation, plagiarism licensing and copyrights, free and open source software (FOSS)
• Cyber crime and cyber laws, hacking, phishing, cyber bullying, overview of Indian IT act, preventing cyber crime
• E-waste its a hazard and management, awareness about health concerns related to the usage of technology like effect on eyesight, physiological issues, and ergonomic aspects

Computer science/ informatics practices (section-B2-informatics practices): Unit 07

• Concept of communication, types of data communication, switching techniques, communication media: Wired technologies-twisted pair cable, coaxial cable, ethernet cable, optical fibre; introduction to mobile telecommunication technologies
• Wireless technologies-bluetooth, WLAN, infrared, microwave, network protocol: Need for protocol, categorization and examples of protocol, HTTP, FTP, IP, PPP; electronic mail protocol, concept of channel
• Bandwidth (Hz, KHz, MHz) and data transfer rate (Bps, Kbps, Mbps, Gbps, Tbps)

Computer science/ informatics practices (section-B2-informatics practices): Unit 08

• Threats and prevention: Viruses, worms, trojan horse, spam, cookies, adware, firewall, http vs https, network security concepts: Firewall, cookies, hackers and crackers, antivirus and their workings, network security threats: Denial of service
• Network security threats: Intrusion problems, snooping, eavesdropping

Economics/ business economics: Unit 01

• What is microeconomics?, central problems

Economics/ business economics: Unit 02

• Consumer’s equilibrium: Meaning and attainment of equilibrium through utility approach: One and two commodity cases
• Demand: Market demand, determinants of demand, demand schedule, demand curve, movement along and shifts in the demand curve, price elasticity of demand, measurement of price elasticity of demand-percentage, total expenditure, and geometric methods

Economics/ business economics: Unit 03

• Macroeconomics: Meaning
• Circular flow of income, concepts of GDP, GNP, NDP, NNP (at market price and factor cost), national disposable income (gross and net); private income, personal income, and personal disposable income
• Measurement of national income-value added method, income method, and expenditure method

Economics/ business economics: Unit 04

• Aggregate demand, aggregate supply, and their components, propensity to consume and propensity to save (average and marginal), meaning of involuntary unemployment and full employment, determination of income and employment: Two-sector model
• Concept of investment multiplier and its working, problems of excess and deficient demand, measures to correct excess and deficient demand-availability of credit, change in government spending

Economics/ business economics: Unit 05

• Money: Meaning, evolution, and functions, central bank: Meaning and functions, commercial banks: Meaning and functions

Economics/ business economics: Unit 06

• Government budget-meaning and its components, objectives of government budget, classification of receipts-revenue and capital; classification of expenditure-revenue and capital, plan and non-plan, and developmental and non-developmental
• Balanced budget, surplus budget, and deficit budget: Meaning and implications, revenue deficit, fiscal deficit, and primary deficit: Meaning and implications; measures to contain different deficits
• Downsizing the role of government: Meaning and implications

Economics/ business economics: Unit 07

• Foreign exchange rate-meaning (fixed and flexible), merits and demerits; determination through demand and supply, balance of payments accounts-meaning and components, a brief analysis of recent exchange rate issues

Economics/ business economics: Unit 08

• A brief introduction of the state of the Indian economy on the eve of independence
• Indian economic system and common goals of five year plans
• Main features, problems and policies of agriculture (institutional aspects and new agricultural strategy), industry (IPR 1956; SSI-role and importance) and foreign trade

Economics/ business economics: Unit 09

• Poverty: Absolute and relative; main programmes for poverty alleviation: A critical assessment
• Human capital formation: How many people become resource; role of human capital in economic development
• Rural development: Key issues, credit and marketing, role of cooperatives; agricultural diversification
• Employment: Growth and changes in work force participation rate in formal and informal sectors; problems and policies
• Infrastructure: Meaning and types, cases studies, health, problems and policies-a critical assessment
• Sustainable economic development: Meaning, effects of economic development on resources and environment, including global warming

Economics/ business economics: Unit 10

• A comparison with neighbours
• India and Pakistan
• India and China
• Issues: Economic growth, population, sectoral development and other human development indicators

Engineering graphics: Unit 01

• Construction of isometric scale showing main divisions of 10mm and smaller divisions of 1mm, also showing the leading angles
• Isometric projection (drawn to isometric scale) of solids such as cube; regular prisms and pyramids (triangular, square, pentagonal and hexagonal); cone; cylinder; sphere; hemisphere; keeping the base side of the solid parallel or perpendicular to HP/VP
• The axis of the solid should be either perpendicular to HP/ VP or parallel to HP and VP
• Combination of any two above-mentioned solids keeping the base side parallel or perpendicular to HP/ VP and placed centrally together (axis of both the solids should not be given parallel to HP)

Engineering graphics: Unit 02

• Introduction of threads: Standard profiles of screw threads-square, knuckle, B.S.W., metric (external and internal); bolts-square head, hexagonal head; nuts-square head, hexagonal head; plain washer
• Introduction of threads: Combination of nut and bolt with or without washer for assembling two parts together

Engineering graphics: Unit 03

• Conventional representation of external and internal threads; types of studs-plain stud, square-neck stud, Collar stud; types of rivets-snap head, flat head, pan head (without tapered neck), 600 counter sunk flat head

Engineering graphics: Unit 04

• Open-bearing, bush-bearing

Engineering graphics: Unit 05

• Cotter-joints for round-rods (sleeve and cotter joint), cotter-joints for square rods (gib and cotter-joint)

Engineering graphics: Unit 06

• Turnbuckle, flange pipe joints are to be shown

Entrepreneurship: Unit 01

• Sensing entrepreneurial opportunities, environment scanning, problem identification, idea fields, spotting trends, creativity and innovation, selecting the right opportunity

Entrepreneurship: Unit 02

• Forms of business organization-sole proprietorship, partnership, company, business plan: Concept, format
• Components: Organizational plan; operational plan; production plan; financial plan; marketing plan; human resource planning

Entrepreneurship: Unit 03

• Marketing and sales strategy, branding, logo, tagline, promotion strategy

Entrepreneurship: Unit 04

• Franchising: Concept, types, advantages, limitations
• Mergers and acquisition: Concept, reasons, types

Entrepreneurship: Unit 05

• Computation of working capital, inventory control and EOQ return on investment (ROI) and return on equity (ROE)

Entrepreneurship: Unit 06

• Capital market-primary, angel investor: features, venture capital: features, funding

Environmental studies: Unit 01

• Modern schools of ecological thought
• Deep ecology (Gary Snyder, Earth first) vs shallow ecology
• Stewardship of land (example Wendell Berry)
• Social ecology [Marxist environmentalism and socialist ecology (Barry Commoner)]
• Feminism
• Green politics (example Germany and England)
• Sustainable development
• Modern schools of ecological thought; definition and basic understanding of deep ecology as opposed to shallow ecology; stewardship, social ecology-Marxist environmentalism and socialist ecology, eco feminism
• Green political movements of Germany and England and sustainable development (basic concepts)
• World Wildlife Fund: Organisation, mission, strategy for conservation
• Greenpeace-organisation, mission statement, core values, objectives, and strategy

Environmental studies: Unit 02

• Population dynamics: Factors causing population change (birth, death, immigration, and emigration); relation between the factors; age structure and its significance; population pyramids; survivorship curves; three general shapes r and K strategies
• Population dynamics: Factors causing population change (birth, death, immigration and emigration); relation between the factors; age structure and its significance; population pyramids-interpretation and implications
• Population dynamics: Rate of change of population-the three general shapes of survivorship curves, r and K strategies and differences between the two
• Human populations (Malthusian model and demographic transition): Definition of carrying capacity; Malthusian view: Concept of ‘over-population’ and shortage of resources; questioning Malthus
• Human populations (Malthusian model and demographic transition): Population growth vs disparate consumption of resources within and amongst nations. Definition and understanding of demographic transition; factors influencing demographic transition
• Population regulation: Growth without regulation (exponential); simple population regulation (logistic growth curve)
• Population regulation: Factors regulating population size (space, food and water, territories, predators, weather and climate, parasite and diseases, disasters and self-regulation)
• Population regulation: Basic understanding of the exponential growth curve (J-shaped) and logistic growth curve (S-shaped)
• Human population control: Family planning; education; economic growth; status of women. Strategies for human population control with emphasis on women’s empowerment
• Threats to the ecosystem: Habitat destruction; genetic erosion; loss of diversity; expanding agriculture; impound water; waste from human societies; increasing human consumption
• Threats to the ecosystem: Only a brief understanding of the causes and consequences of threats to provisioning and regulatory functions of the ecosystem with suitable examples
• Conservation: Importance; the critical state of Indian forests; conflicts surrounding forested areas-populations and tribals and their rights-tourism-poaching-roads-development projects-dams; scientific forestry and its limitations; social forestry
• Conservation: The role of the forest department; NGOs; joint forestry management; wild life-sanctuaries, conservation and management in India; project Tiger as a case study in conservation
• In-situ conservation: Wildlife sanctuaries, national parks, biosphere reserves (definition, objectives, features, advantages, and disadvantages)
• Ex-situ conservation: Zoos, aquaria, plant collection (objectives, features, advantages, and disadvantages)
• Conflicts in managing and conserving forests: India’s forest cover, issues concerning people living in and around forests with particular reference to tribal rights; threats to forests: Poaching, developmental projects like roads and dams
• Conflicts in managing and conserving forests: Over exploitation of forest resources (direct and indirect)
• The role of the forest department and NGOs in managing forests
• Some management measures: Scientific forestry, social forestry (various types of social forestry), joint forestry management (JFM), ecotourism
• Definition, scope, advantages, and disadvantages of each of the above
• Project Tiger as a case study in conservation: Origin, aims, and objectives, successes, failures

Environmental studies: Unit 03

• Pollution monitoring: Primary and secondary pollutants. Importance of monitoring air pollution including ambient air quality monitoring (gaseous and particulate). Concept of carbon credits and carbon trading in regulating emissions
• Pollution monitoring: Causes for excessive vehicular pollution and various steps taken to regulate pollution-emission standards for new vehicles, implementation of CNG programme, inspection and maintenance programme for in-use vehicles
• Pollution monitoring: Phasing out of old commercial vehicles and promotion of public transport
• Monitoring the atmosphere techniques: Monitoring at emission source and of ambient air quality, criteria for monitoring stations, types of stations, number of stations, frequency of data collection, characteristics of ambient air sampling
• Monitoring the atmosphere techniques: Basic consideration for sampling (to be dealt with in brief). Classification of techniques-manual and instrumental. Manual passive samplers, high volume samplers and bubbler systems
• Monitoring the atmosphere techniques: Instrumental-photometric techniques NDIR, chemiluminescence-principle and use
• International and national air quality standards: National ambient air quality monitoring (NAAQM); the main functions of the central pollution board and the state pollution control board, objectives of air quality standards, new name of NAAQM
• International and national air quality standards: National air monitoring programme (NAMP) objectives of the NAMP. Definition of air quality standards and importance
• International and national air quality standards: National air quality standards for gases/ particulate matter covered under WHO guidelines
• Water testing-indicators of water quality: Indicators (electrical conductivity, turbidity, pH, dissolved oxygen, faecal waste, temperature, hardness, nitrates and sulphates)
• Water testing-indicators of water quality: The significance of each and their interpretations. B.O.D. and C.O.D., theoretical concept only
• Soil testing-indicators of soil type and quality and laboratory work: Soil indicators-the characteristics of a good soil indicator, the three basic types of soil indicators-biological, physical and chemical, two examples of each
• Soil testing-indicators of soil type and quality and laboratory work: The information provided by each of these types of indicators. Definitions, effects and experiments to find out soil respiration, soil pH, soil aggregate
• Soil testing-indicators of soil type and quality and laboratory work: Infiltration rate and simple methods of controlling each of these

Environmental studies: Unit 04

• Urban-rural divide: Urbanisation-push and pull factors; consequences on rural and urban sectors; future trends and projections
• Causes of migration: Push and pull factors, consequences on rural and urban areas and ways to reduce migration. Future trends and projections
• A critical appraisal of conventional paradigm of development from the viewpoints of sustainability, environmental impact and equity
• Definition of development
• An understanding that development has become synonymous with growth
• This approach has the following impacts on the environment: (a) Ignoring negative environmental impacts; (b) changing patterns of resource use due to market pressures; (c) overuse and exploitation of resources
• This approach has the following impacts on the environment: (d) Diversion of scarce resources to luxury goods; (e) disparate access to resources; (f) increasing wastes and pollution. The above to be explained with suitable examples
• A case study of Gandhian approach in terms of its aims and processes
• Local self-governance-basic principles behind village policy, Antyodaya, Sarvoday, Panchayati Raj; local self-sufficiency, local markets and environmental sustainability
• Village as the basis of development; promotion of cottage industries and intermediate technologies; focus on employment
• The above to be contrasted with today’s paradigm of growth
• Urban environmental planning and management: Problems of sanitation; water management; transport; energy; air quality; housing; constraints (economic, political) in tackling the problems
• Urban environmental planning and management: Inapplicability of solutions that have worked in the first world and the need for indigenous approach to urban environment
• A basic understanding of the following urban environmental problems: Problems of sanitation, water management, transport, energy; air quality and housing
• Awareness of some indigenous solutions: Rainwater harvesting, garbage segregation, composting, energy from solid and liquid wastes, sewage management (dry toilets, decentralized water management system (DEWATS)
• Features of new urbanism, goals of smart growth
• The following examples of urban planning and management from the third world to be studied: Bogota-Bolivia (traffic management); Cuba (urban agriculture using organic methods); Curitiba-Brazil (traffic planning and urban renewal using innovative measures)
• The following examples of urban planning and management from the third world to be studied: Cochabamba-(water management and protests against privatisation of water supply)

Environmental studies: Unit 05

• Traditional agriculture in India: Irrigation systems; crop varieties; techniques for maintaining soil fertility; impact of colonialism; Indian agriculture at independence-food scarcity-food import-need for increasing production-the need for land reform
• Traditional agriculture in India: Green revolution, HYVs, fertilizers, pesticides, large irrigation projects (dams); critical appraisal of the green revolution from the viewpoints of agro-biodiversity; soil health; ecological impact of pesticides
• Traditional agriculture in India: Energy (petroleum and petrochemicals); ability to reach the poorer sections of the rural communities; sustainability-need for sustainable agriculture, characteristics for sustainable agriculture
• Traditional agriculture in India: Techniques of water soil and pest management
• Definition of the following terms: Traditional agriculture, natural farming, organic agriculture, modern agriculture (use of hybrid seeds, high yielding varieties, chemical fertilizers and pesticides)
• Definition of the following terms: Gene revolution (genetically modified seeds) and sustainable agriculture
• Irrigation systems: Macro vs micro irrigation systems-canal irrigation/ dam as compared to sprinkler/ drip/ trickle drip/ dug wells. Basic features, advantages and disadvantages of each kind. Traditional rainwater harvesting-tankas, khadins, ahar
• Irrigation systems: Traditional rainwater harvesting-pynes, zings, johads and eris (suitability of each type in the particular region)
• Features of pre-colonial agriculture in India: Growing for sustenance rather than market; multi-cropping, management of soil health, diversity in seed
• Colonial influence: Punitive taxation, commercial crops for export and British industry, devaluation of sustainable traditional practices. Bengal famine. Comparative study of pre-colonial, colonial and post- colonial agriculture and their impact
• Green revolution: Origin (food scarcity, food import, need for increasing production). Basic principles of green revolution-development of high yielding varieties (HYV); introduction of fertilizers and pesticides; mono cropping
• Environmental, social and economic impacts: Advantages and disadvantages from the viewpoints of agro-biodiversity; soil health; ecological impact of pesticides; energy use; input costs; benefits to small and medium farmers
• Environmental, social and economic impacts: (community level and household level food security)
• Land reform: Need, advantages, failures, and successes
• Elements of sustainable agriculture: Mixed farming, mixed cropping, inter-cropping, crop rotation
• Elements of sustainable agriculture: Use of sustainable practices of water soil and pest management for improving soil fertility (organic fertilizers, biofertilizers,green manure, with two examples) and pest control (bio pesticides)
• Elements of sustainable agriculture: Integrated pest management (IPM); eating local foods
• Management of agricultural produce: Storage; food preservation-different methods like use of low temperatures, high temperatures, drying, canning, preservation by salt and sugar. Transportation of food
• Food processing: Definition, food preservation, packaging, grading
• Food adulteration and food additives: Definitions; types of adulteration, harmful effects of adulteration
• Quality marks: ISI (Indian Standard Institute); AGMARK (agricultural marketing); FPO (fruit product order)-a brief explanation only
• Food: The twin problems of production and access; food situation in the world; integrated and sustainable approach to food security for the third world. Food security. Meaning of food security, need for food security
• Food: The problems in attaining food security-those of production, storage and access
• Food: Integrated and sustainable approach to food security for the Third World including working for environmental sustainability and social and economic sustainability through land reform, credit support to farmers, market support to farmers
• Food: Inadequacies in the present marketing system, ways to improve marketing system, improving access to food, ownership of seeds
• Food: An understanding that national level food security may not translate into household and community level food security or long term environmental sustainability unless the above factors are addressed. Main features of the food security law 2013

Environmental studies: Unit 06

• Definition: Resources; scarcity and growth; natural resource accounting. Classification of natural resources-on the basis of origin (abiotic and biotic), on the basis of renewability (renewable and non-renewable)
• Definition: On the basis of development (potential and actual), on the basis of distribution (ubiquitous and localized); scarcity and growth, natural resource accounting
• Definition: Classification of resources as renewable and non-renewable. Definition, basic principles, advantages and disadvantages of physical accounting
• GNP vs other forms of measuring income: GDP, GNP-definitions, advantages and disadvantages of using them as tools for measuring growth
• Economic status and welfare (net economic welfare, nature capital, ecological capital, etc). A broad overview of the purpose of environmental economics
• Definition and classification: Defensive expenditure (its classification); natural/ ecological capital
• Externalities: Cost benefit analysis (social, ecological). Externalities-definition, kinds (positive and negative), impacts. Cost benefit analysis-definition, the processing brief, advantages and disadvantages
• Externalities: EPR (extended producer responsibility)-definition, examples, advantages
• Natural capital regeneration: What is natural capital?, kinds of natural capital; classification of ecosystem services, causes of degradation (acid deposition, air pollution, deforestation, loss of biodiversity and emission of carbon dioxide)
• Natural capital regeneration: Ecological footprint and man’s disproportionate use of natural resources, importance of preserving and regenerating natural capital

Environmental studies: Unit 07

• Trans-national characteristics of environmental issues using case study of Amazonia, trade in wildlife and ozone depletion
• Case study of Amazonia: Causes for exploitation of forests, reasons for acceleration of deforestation, effects of government policies, ecological value of rainforests and possible solutions to the problem
• Case study of ivory trade in Africa: Reasons for flourishing trade of ivory in the past, steps taken to curb the trade and the consequences of ban in trade
• Case study of ozone depletion: What is meant by ozone layer and how does it get depleted, (Chapman’s cycle), potential effects of ozone depletion
• Case study of ozone depletion: Common ozone depleting substances (halons, carbon tetrachloride, CFCs, methyl chloroform, methyl bromide and HCFCs) and their life span in the atmosphere; Ozone hole; steps taken to control ozone depletion
• Impact of international politics, national sovereignty and interest
• International trade: A theoretical perspective; free trade vs protectionism; import barriers; domestic industry vs free trade; transnational companies-a historical perspective (colonialism and its lasting impact today)
• International trade: Trade between the first and the third world, characteristics, terms of trade; India's international trade-characteristics, major imports and exports, foreign exchange crisis, the export imperative and its impact on the environment
• International trade: The case study of aquaculture in India; diversion of scarce resource from production of subsistence needs to commercial products; toxic waste trade-extent and impact
• International trade: Globalisation-trade regimes (WTO, GATT, IPR) and their impact on Third World. Definition, advantages and disadvantages of globalization, free trade, protectionism
• International trade: Transnational companies (TNCs)-definition; TNCs and environment-conflict of interest
• International trade: History of Third World countries’ trade with the developed countries (with special reference to India) with regards to composition and terms of trade
• International trade: Export of primary goods and import of finished goods at higher cost tapping of primary goods leading to environment degradation, open cast mining, agriculture, aquaculture, etc
• International trade: Case study of aquaculture in India to understand the impact of free trade. Economic allocation of scarce resources and its impact on environment
• International trade: Toxic waste trade-definition, origin, factors sustaining, impact on Third World countries (example-health and environmental impacts) and steps to mitigate it (Bamako and Basel Conventions)
• International trade: GATT-the organization and its metamorphosis into WTO. Principles and functions of WTO: Creating a level playing field for international trade through MFN (most favoured nation)
• International trade: Principles and functions of WTO-NT(national treatment) and reduction of import barriers-tariff and non tariff barriers and trading to comparative advantages
• International trade: Full forms of and areas addressed in the WTO, GATT, TRIPS, TRIMS, agreement on agriculture (AOA). A brief understanding of how these agreements impacted India’s trade, food security, economic well-being, environmental sustainability
• International trade: Definition of IPR and its categories-copyrights, patents, trademarks, industrial design rights, geographical indicators and trade secrets. A brief understanding of each of the above categories
• International aid: Agencies; advantages; limitations; need for re-orienting aid; aid vs self-reliance. International aid-advantages and disadvantages; types of aid: Tied and untied aid-advantages and limitations of each

Geography/ geology (fundamentals of human geography): Unit 01

Geography/ geology (fundamentals of human geography): Unit 02

• Population of the world-distribution, density, and growth
• Population change-spatial patterns and structure; determinants of population change
• Age-sex ratio; rural-urban composition
• Human development-concept; selected indicators, international comparisons

Geography/ geology (fundamentals of human geography): Unit 03

• Primary activities: Concept and changing trends; gathering, pastoral, mining, subsistence agriculture, modern agriculture; people engaged in agriculture and allied activities-some examples from selected countries
• Secondary activities: Concept; manufacturing: Agro-processing, household, small scale, large scale; people engaged in secondary activities-some examples from selected countries
• Tertiary activities: Concept; trade, transport and communication; services; people engaged in tertiary activities-some examples from selected countries
• Quaternary activities: Concept; knowledge based industries; people engaged in quaternary activities-some examples from selected countries

Geography/ geology (fundamentals of human geography): Unit 04

• Land transport: Roads, railways-rail network; trans-continental railways
• Water transport: Inland waterways; major ocean routes
• Air transport: Intercontinental air routes
• Oil and gas pipelines
• Satellite communication and cyberspace
• International trade: Basis and changing patterns; ports as gateways of international trade, role of WTO in international trade

Geography/ geology (fundamentals of human geography): Unit 05

• Settlement types: Rural and urban; morphology of cities (case study); distribution of megacities; problems of human settlements in developing countries

Geography/ geology (India: People and economy): Unit 01

• Migration: International, national-causes and consequences
• Human development: Selected indicators and regional patterns
• Population, environment and development

Geography/ geology (India: People and economy): Unit 02

• Rural settlements: Types and distribution
• Urban settlements: Types, distribution and functional classification

Geography/ geology (India: People and economy): Unit 03

• Land resources: General land use; agricultural land use-major crops; agricultural development and problems, common property resources
• Water resources: Availability and utilization-irrigation, domestic, industrial and other uses; scarcity of water and conservation methods-rain water harvesting and watershed management
• Mineral and energy resources: Metallic and non-metallic minerals and their distribution; conventional and non-conventional energy sources
• Industries: Types and distribution; industrial location and clustering; changing pattern of selected industries-iron and steel, cotton textiles, sugar, petrochemicals, and knowledge based industries
• Industries: Impact of liberalisation, privatisation, and globalisation on industrial location
• Planning in India: Target area planning (case study); idea of sustainable development (case study)

Geography/ geology (India: People and economy): Unit 04

• Transport and communication: Roads, railways, waterways and airways; oil and gas pipelines; national electric grids; communication networkings-radio, television, satellite and internet
• International trade: Changing pattern of India’s foreign trade, sea ports and their hinterland and airports

Geography/ geology (India: People and economy): Unit 05

• Environmental pollution; urban-waste disposal
• Urbanisation-rural-urban migration; problem of slums
• Land degradation

History: Unit 01

• Broad overview: Early urban centres
• Story of discovery: Harappa civilization
• Excerpt: Archaeological report on a major site
• Discussion: How it has been utilized by archaeologists/ historians

History: Unit 02

• Broad overview: Political and economic history from the Mauryan to the Gupta period
• Story of discovery: Inscriptions and the decipherment of the script. Shifts in the understanding of political and economic history
• Excerpt: Asokan inscription and Gupta period land grant
• Discussion: Interpretation of inscriptions by historians

History: Unit 03

• Broad overview: Issues in social history, including caste, class, kinship and gender
• Story of discovery: Transmission and publications of the Mahabharata
• Excerpt: From the Mahabharata, illustrating how it has been used by historians

History: Unit 04

• Broad overview: (a) A brief review of religious histories of Vedic religion, Jainism, Vaishnavism, Shaivism. (b) Focus on Buddhism
• Story of discovery: Sanchi stupa
• Excerpt: Reproduction of sculptures from Sanchi
• Discussion: Ways in which sculpture has been interpreted by historians, other sources for reconstructing the history of Buddhism

History: Unit 05

• Broad overview: (a) Structure of agrarian relations in the 16th and 17th centuries. (b) Patterns of change over the period
• Story of Discovery: Account of the compilation and translation of Ain-i-Akbari
• Excerpt: From the Ain-i-Akbari
• Discussion: Ways in which historians have used the text to reconstruct history

History: Unit 06

• Broad overview: (a) Outline of political history c. 15th-17th centuries. (b) Discussion of the Munhall court and politics
• Story of discovery: Account of the production of court chronicles, and their subsequent translation and transmission
• Excerpts: from the Akbarnama and Padshahnama

History: Unit 07

• Discussion: Ways in which historians have used the texts to reconstruct political histories

History: Unit 08

• Broad overview: (a) Outline of new buildings during Vijayanagar period-temples, forts, irrigation facilities. (b) Relationship between architecture and the political system
• Story of Discovery: Account of how Hampi was found
• Excerpt: Visuals of buildings at Hampi
• Discussion: Ways in which historians have analysed and interpreted these structures

History: Unit 09

• Broad overview: (a) Outline of religious developments during this period. (b) Ideas and practices of the Bhakti-Sufi saints
• Story of transmission: How Bhakti-Sufi compositions have been preserved
• Excerpt: Extracts from selected Bhakti Sufi works
• Discussion: Ways in which these have been interpreted by historians

History: Unit 10

• Broad overview: Outline of social and cultural life as they appear in travellers’ accounts
• Story of their writings: A discussion of where they travelled, why they travelled, what they wrote, and for whom they wrote
• Excerpts: From Alberuni, Ibn Battuta, Bernier
• Discussion: What these travel accounts can tell us and how they have been interpreted by historians

History: Unit 11

• Broad overview: (a) Life of zamindars, peasants and artisans in the late 18th century. (b) East India company, revenue settlements and surveys. (c) Changes over the nineteenth century
• Story of official records: An account of why official investigations into rural societies were undertaken and the types of records and reports produced
• Excerpts: From Firminger’s fifth report, accounts of Francis Buchanan-Hamilton, and Deccan riots report
• Discussion: What the official records tell and do not tell, and how they have been used by historians

History: Unit 12

• Broad overview: (a) The events of 1857-58. (b) How these events were recorded and narrated
• Focus: Lucknow
• Excerpts: Pictures of 1857. Extracts from contemporary accounts
• Discussion: How the pictures of 1857 shaped British opinion of what had happened

History: Unit 13

• Broad overview: The growth of Mumbai, Chennai, hill stations and cantonments in the 18th and 19th century
• Excerpts: Photographs and paintings. Plans of cities. Extract from town plan reports. Focus on Kolkata town planning
• Discussion: How the above sources can be used to reconstruct the history of towns. What these sources do not reveal

History: Unit 14

• Broad overview: (a) The nationalist movement 1918-48, (b) the nature of Gandhian politics and leadership
• Focus: Mahatma Gandhi in 1931
• Excerpts: Reports from English and Indian language newspapers and other contemporary writings
• Discussion: How newspapers can be a source of history

History: Unit 15

• Broad overview: (a) The history of the 1940s; (b) Nationalism, communalism, and partition
• Focus: Punjab and Bengal
• Excerpts: Oral testimonies of those who experienced partition
• Discussion: Ways in which these have been analysed to reconstruct the history of the event

History: Unit 16

• Broad overview: (a) Independence and the new nation state. (b) The making of the constitution
• Focus: The constitutional assembly debates
• Excerpts: From the debates
• Discussion: What such debates reveal and how they can be analyzed

Home science: Unit 01

• Clinical nutrition and Dietetics: (a) Significance, (b) diet therapy objectives, (c) role of nutritionist, (d) types of diets, (e) scope and career
• Public nutrition and health: (a) Concept of public health and nutrition, (b) nutritional problems in India, (c) strategies to tackle nutritional problems, (d) scope and career
• Catering and food services management: (a) Types of food service system, (b) management in food services, (c) scope and career
• Food processing and technology: (a) Basic concepts-food science, food processing food technology, food manufacturing, (b) development of food processing and technology and its importance, (c) classification of processed food, (d) scope and career
• Food quality and safety: (a) Basic concepts-food safety, food contamination, food adulteration, (b) food standards regulation-India (FSSAI, Agmark) and international (CAC, WTO, ISO), (c) food safety management systems, (d) scope and career

Home science: Unit 02

• Early childhood care and education: (a) NCF (principles and objectives, (b) concept of creche, daycare centre and montessori schools, (c) view point of psychologist-Piaget and Vygotsky, (d) scope and career
• Special education and support services: (a) Disability, (b) special education methods, (c) scope and career
• Management of institutions and programmes for children, youth and elderly: (a) Children-vulnerable, programmes, (b) youth: Vulnerable, programmes, (c) elderly: Vulnerable, programmes, (d) scope and career

Home science: Unit 03

• Design for fabric and apparel: (a) Design analysis-structive and applied, (b) elements of design, (c) principles of design, (d) scope and career
• Fashion design and merchandising: (a) Fashion terminology-fashion, style, fad, classic, (b) fashion development-history and evolution, (c) fashion merchandising, (d) scope and career
• Production and quality control in the garment Industry: (a) Stages of apparel production, (b) quality assurance in the garment industry, (c) scope and career
• Care and maintenance of fabrics in institutions: (a) Laundry equipment-washing drying and ironing, (b) institutional laundry, (c) scope and career

Home science: Unit 04

• Human resource management: (a) Significance and functions of HRM, (b) scope and career
• Hospitality management: (a) Concept of different hospitality establishments, (b) guest cycle, (c) departments in hospitality organizations-front office, housekeeping, food and beverages, (d) scope and career
• Consumer education and protection: (a) Consumer problems, (b) consumer protection act (2019)-consumer rights and responsibilities, (c) standard marks-ISI, Agmark, FSSAI, Hallmark, Silk Mark, Wool Mark, Eco mark, (d) voluntary consumer organizations
• Consumer education and protection: (e) scope and career

Home science: Unit 05

• Development of communication and Journalism: (a) Basic concepts-development, development Journalism, and development communication, (b) methods of communication, (c) scope and career
• Media management, design, and production: (a) Media planning, (b) media designing and production, (c) media evaluation and feedback, (d) scope and career

Home science: Unit 06

• Career options of self and wage employment in various fields of Home Science

Knowledge tradition-practices of India: Unit 01

• Agriculture in prehistory and proto history, textual sources, types of lands, rainfed and irrigated crops, implements, seed and sowing, manures, pests and their management, cattle management, horticulture and arboriculture, fishing
• Agriculture and society

Knowledge tradition-practices of India: Unit 02

• Early and classical architecture: Temple architecture, rock-cut structures, monolithic temples, constructed temples, public and private architecture
• Medieval and colonial architecture: Fort and palace architecture, mosques, mausoleums, colonial architecture

Knowledge tradition-practices of India: Unit 03

• Classical dance forms: Classical period, middle period, modern period, classical dance forms, Bharatanatyam, Kathakali, Kathak, Kuchipudi, Manipuri, O'issi, Sattriya
• Folk dance forms: Chau, Bihu, Rauf, Padayani, Dollu Kunitha, Dandiya, Ghumar, Kalbelia, Chau and Fla, Bhangra, Giddha, Garba, Lava, Bamboo dance

Knowledge tradition-practices of India: Unit 04

• Goals of Indian education, teaching and learning, the teacher and the student, centres of education, temples as first schools, gurukulas, viharas and universities, community-supported education, the continuing system
• Two types of knowledge and the right pupil, mere intellectual knowledge is not enough, the link between teacher and pupil, teachers invite students to come to them, controlling the mind and the senses: The goal of Indian education
• Teacher’s directives to students on their completion of study, what is a useful life?, Hiuen-Tsang’s (XuanZang) impressions of Indian education, Hsuan-Tsang’s (XuanZang) description of Nalanda university
• An Italian explorer’s record of Indian education in the 17th century, a description of Indian education in the 18th century, the teacher’s subsistence, respect for the teacher, physical education and sports
• Description of the university at navadvipa (Nuddeah) in Bengal in 1791, love of learning and support for education among Indians, a widespread colonial network of indigenous schools

Knowledge tradition-practices of India: Unit 05

• The cosmic order, Buddhist ethics, Jain ethics, Sikh ethics, the Bhakti movement primary texts on ethics: Individual and social-a selection from Jain Granthas, from Buddhist Granthas, from Asoka’s edicts, from the Kural (tr. P.S. Sundaram)

Knowledge tradition-practices of India: Unit 06

• Texts, practice of martial arts, stick combat, Kaari Payau martial arts, traditions: A selection from primary texts wrestling in the Mahabharata, Mallapura_a, Marma Sastram

Knowledge tradition-practices of India: Unit 07

• Languages of India, study of language in India, disciplines of language studies in India, classification of speech-sounds, theory of grammar

Knowledge tradition-practices of India: Unit 08

• Harappa technologies, later pottery, glass, water management, textile technology, wing technology, pyrotechnics, cosmetics and perfumes, other technologies: A selection from primary texts, gemology, water management, textiles and garments
• Perfumes and cosmetics

Legal studies: Unit 01

• Structure and hierarchy of courts and legal offices in India, constitution, roles and impartiality, appointments, trainings, retirement and removal of judges, courts and judicial review

Legal studies: Unit 02

• Law of property, law of contracts, law of torts, introduction to criminal laws in India

Legal studies: Unit 03

• Adversarial and inquisitorial systems, introduction to alternative dispute resolution, types of ADR, arbitration, administrative, tribunals, mediation and conciliation, Lok Adalats, ombudsman, Lokpal and Lokayukta

Legal studies: Unit 04

• Introduction-international context, constitutional framework and related laws in India, complaint mechanisms of quasi-judicial bodies

Legal studies: Unit 05

• Introduction the advocates act, 1961, the Bar Council of India, lawyers and professional ethics, advertising by lawyers, opportunities for law graduates, legal education in India, liberalization of the legal profession
• Women and the legal profession in India

Legal studies: Unit 06

• Legal background-free legal aid under criminal law, legal aid by the state, legal aid under the Indian constitution, NALSA regulations, 2010, criteria for giving free legal services, Lok adalats, legal aid in context of social justice and human rights

Legal studies: Unit 07

• Introduction to international law, sources of international law-treaties, customs and ICJ decisions, international institutions, international human rights, customary international law, international law and municipal law, international law and India
• Dispute resolution-ICJ, ICC and other dispute resolution mechanisms

Legal studies: Unit 08

• Important legal maxims
• Meaning with illustrations of the following: (1) Actus non facit reum nisi mens sit rea, (2) Ad valorem, (3) Amicus curiae, (4) Audi alteram partem, (5) Assentio mentium, (6) Bona fide, (7) Bona vacantia, (8) Caveat emptor, (9) Corpus delicti
• Meaning with illustrations of the following: (10) Damnum sine injuria, (11) De die in diem, (12) De minimis lex non curat, (13) Doli incapax, (14) Ejusdem generis, (15) Ex post facto, (16) Ignorantia facti excusat-ignorantia juris non excusat
• Meaning with illustrations of the following: (17) Injuria sine damnum, (18) Locus standi, (19) Nemo debet esse judex in propria suacausa, (20) Nemo debt non quad habit, (21) Noscitur a sociis, (22) Obiter dicta, (23) Pari materia, (24) Per incuriam
• Meaning with illustrations of the following: (25) Qui facit per alium, Facit per se, (26) Quid pro quo, (27) Ratio decidendi, (28) Res ipsa loquitur, (29) Res judicata accipitur pro veritate, (30) Salus populi est suprema lex, (31) Stare decisis
• Meaning with illustrations of the following: (32) Ubi jus ibi remedium

Mass media and communication: Unit 01

• Culture and communication: What is culture?, relationship between culture and mass media; communication in the cultural context; media as vehicle of cultural transmission; representation and stereotyping in mass media
• Communication and social change: Social change-meaning; media as a catalyst for social change (with examples of various social movements)

Mass media and communication: Unit 02

• Qualities of a good journalist: An understanding of the following-nose for news, inquisitiveness, language skills, trustworthy and empathy
• Ethical issues in journalism: A brief understanding of each of the following with examples-sensationalism, fake news, paid news, plagiarism, advertorials, partisan reporting and sting operations

Mass media and communication: Unit 03

• Advertising: (i) Advertising concepts and process, (ii) functions of advertising, (iii) types of advertising (cross promotions, merchandise, convert advertising), (iv) forms of advertising
• Film: (i) Pre-shooting stage, (ii) shooting stage, (iii) post-shooting stage

Mass media and communication: Unit 04

• Writing for radio: Characteristics of a radio script-conversational language, active voice, simple sentences, avoidance of technical jargons and capability of creating imageries
• Recording radio programmes: Brief understanding of the radio studio and transmission equipment-types of microphones; amplifier, sound mixer, speakers; audio recording
• Radio Jockeying: Role of a radio jockey; skills required-command on language (spoken and written), connectedness with the audience; knowledge about the recording equipment

Mass media and communication: Unit 05

• History of cinema: A brief understanding of the early experiments done by the following-Lumiere Brothers, John Grierson, Robert Flaharty and Dada Saheb Phalke
• Cinema Genres: Defining genre theory; an understanding of the various types of genres (with suitable examples)-action, westerns, comedy, crime, drama, fantasy/ sci-fi, historical, animation, romance and musical
• Cinema and social change: Parallel cinema movement in India-issues depicted and low budget production process (with reference to examples such as Shyam Benegal’s Manthan)

Mass media and communication: Unit 06

• Definition of social media
• Types of social media platforms: Self-explanatory
• Role of social media in democracy: Role of social media in creating collective identities with reference to sharing of information; cyber activism (with suitable examples)
• Cyber crime: A understanding of online bullying; stalking; trolling; online frauds
• Netiquettes: Meaning and importance of netiquettes; an understanding of netiquettes such as: identification of oneself; respect for others’ privacy, use of appropriate language and imagery; do not spam

Mass media and communication: Unit 07

• Internet as the meeting point of all the mass media
• Broadcasting
• Mass communication model of a few transmitting to a vast number of receivers
• Gigantic organization
• Huge technical infrastructure
• Large scale revenue
• The changed paradigm due to the internet
• Empowering an individual to post data on the internet
• Information, message in one medium triggering off activity in the others
• Many sources of the same information
• Distribution of the information between individuals on an unprecedented global scale
• Rapidity of opinion generation on a local, national and global scale
• The socio-political implications of the new information order
• The strengthening of democracy
• Emerging trends in mass communication

Mathematics/ applied mathematics (section-A): Unit 01

• Matrices and types of matrices, equality of matrices, transpose of a matrix, symmetric and skew symmetric matrix, algebra of matrices, determinants, inverse of a matrix, solving of simultaneous equations using matrix method

Mathematics/ applied mathematics (section-A): Unit 02

• Higher order derivatives, tangents and normals, increasing and decreasing functions, maxima and minima

Mathematics/ applied mathematics (section-A): Unit 03

• Indefinite integrals of simple functions, evaluation of indefinite integrals, definite integrals, application of integration as area under the curve

Mathematics/ applied mathematics (section-A): Unit 04

• Order and degree of differential equations, formulating and solving of differential equations with variable separable

Mathematics/ applied mathematics (section-A): Unit 05

• Random variables and its probability distribution, expected value of a random variable, variance and standard deviation of a random variable, binomial distribution

Mathematics/ applied mathematics (section-A): Unit 06

• Mathematical formulation of linear programming problem, graphical method of solution for problems in two variables, feasible and infeasible regions, optimal feasible solution

Mathematics/ applied mathematics (section-B1-mathematics): Unit 01

• Relations and functions: Types of relations-reflexive, symmetric, transitive and equivalence relations. One to one and onto functions, composite functions, inverse of a function. Binary operations
• Inverse trigonometric functions: Definition, range, domain, principal value branches. Graphs of inverse trigonometric functions. Elementary properties of inverse trigonometric functions

Mathematics/ applied mathematics (section-B1-mathematics): Unit 02

• Matrices: Concept, notation, order, equality, types of matrices, zero matrix, transpose of a matrix, symmetric and skew symmetric matrices. Addition, multiplication and scalar multiplication of matrices
• Matrices: Simple properties of addition, multiplication and scalar multiplication. Non-commutativity of multiplication of matrices and existence of non-zero matrices whose product is the zero matrix (restrict to square matrices of order 2)
• Matrices: Concept of elementary row and column operations. Invertible matrices and proof of the uniqueness of inverse, if it exists; (here all matrices will have real entries)
• Determinants: Determinant of a square matrix (upto 3×3 matrices), properties of determinants, minors, cofactors and applications of determinants in finding the area of a triangle. Adjoint and inverse of a square matrix
• Determinants: Consistency, in consistency and number of solutions of system of linear equations by examples, solving system of linear equations in two or three variables (having unique solution) using inverse of a matrix

Mathematics/ applied mathematics (section-B1-mathematics): Unit 03

• Continuity and differentiability: Continuity and differentiability, derivative of composite functions, chain rule, derivatives of inverse trigonometric functions, derivative of implicit function. Concepts of exponential, logarithmic functions
• Continuity and differentiability: Derivatives of log x and ex. Logarithmic differentiation. Derivative of functions expressed in parametric forms. Second-order derivatives
• Continuity and differentiability: Rolle's and Lagrange’s mean value theorems (without proof) and their geometric interpretations
• Applications of derivatives: Applications of derivatives-rate of change, increasing/ decreasing functions, tangents and normals, approximation
• Applications of derivatives: Maxima and minima (first derivative test motivated geometrically and second derivative test given as a provable tool)
• Applications of derivatives: Simple problems (that illustrate basic principles and understanding of the subject as well as real-life situations). Tangent and normal
• Integrals: Integration as inverse process of differentiation. Integration of a variety of functions by substitution, by partial fractions and by parts, only simple integrals of the type to be evaluated
• Integrals: ∫dx/ x²±a², ∫dx/ √x²±a², ∫dx/ √a²-x², ∫dx/ √ax²±bx+c, ∫dx/ ax²±bx+c, ∫(px+q)/ ax²±bx+c dx, ∫(px+q)/ √ax²±bx+c dx, ∫√a²±x² dx and ∫√x²-a² dx, ∫√ax²±bx+c dx and ∫(px+q)√ax²±bx+c dx
• Integrals: Definite integrals as a limit of a sum. Fundamental theorem of calculus (without proof). Basic properties of definite integrals and evaluation of definite integrals
• Applications of the integrals: Applications in finding the area under simple curves, especially lines, circles/ parabolas/ ellipses (in standard form only), area between any of the two above said curves (the region should be clearly identifiable)
• Differential equations: Definition, order and degree, general and particular solutions of a differential equation. Formation of differential equation whose general solution is given. Solution of differential equations by method of separation of variables
• Differential equations: Solutions of homogeneous differential equations of first order and first degree. Solutions of linear differential equation of the type: dy/dx+py=Q where p and q are functions of x or constant
• Differential equations: Solutions of linear differential equation of the type dx/dy+px=q where p and q are functions of y or constant

Mathematics/ applied mathematics (section-B1-mathematics): Unit 04

• Vectors: Vectors and scalars, magnitude, and direction of a vector. Direction cosines/ ratios of vectors. Types of vectors (equal, unit, zero, parallel, and collinear vectors), position vector of a point, negative of a vector, components of a vector
• Vectors: Addition of vectors, multiplication of a vector by a scalar, position vector of a point dividing a line segment in a given ratio. Scalar (dot) product of vectors, projection of a vector on a line
• Vectors: Vector (cross) product of vectors, scalar triple product
• Three-dimensional geometry: Direction cosines/ ratios of a line joining two points. Cartesian and vector equation of a line, coplanar and skew lines, shortest distance between two lines. Cartesian and vector equation of a plane
• Three-dimensional geometry: Angle between-(i) two lines, (ii) two planes, (iii) a line and a plane. Distance of a point from a plane

Mathematics/ applied mathematics (section-B1-mathematics): Unit 05

• Introduction, related terminology such as constraints, objectives function, optimization, different types of linear programming (L.P.) problems, mathematical formulation of L.P. problems, graphical method of solution for problems in two variables
• Feasible and infeasible regions, feasible and infeasible solutions, optimal feasible solutions (up to three non-trivial constraints)

Mathematics/ applied mathematics (section-B1-mathematics): Unit 06

• Multiplication theorem on probability
• Conditional probability, independent events, total probability, Bayes theorem
• Random variable, and its probability distribution, mean and variance of haphazard variable
• Repeated independent (Bernoulli) trials and Binomial distribution

Mathematics/ applied mathematics (section-B2-applied mathematics): Unit 01

• Modulo arithmetic: Define modulus of an integer, apply arithmetic operations using modular arithmetic rules
• Congruence modulo: Define congruence modulo, apply the definition in various problems
• Allegation and mixture: Understand the rule of allegation to produce a mixture at a given price, determine the mean price of a mixture, apply rule of allegation
• Numerical problems: Solve real life problems mathematically
• Boats and streams: Distinguish between upstream and downstream, express the problem in the form of an equation
• Pipes and Cisterns: Determine the time taken by two or more pipes to fill
• Races and games: Compare the performance of two players w.r.t. time, distance taken/ distance covered/ work done from the given data
• Partnership: Differentiate between active partner and sleeping partner, determine the gain or loss to be divided among the partners in the ratio of their investment with due
• Partnership: Consideration of the time volume/ surface area for solid formed using two or more shapes
• Numerical inequalities: Describe the basic concepts of numerical inequalities, understand and write numerical inequalities

Mathematics/ applied mathematics (section-B2-applied mathematics): Unit 02

• Matrices and types of matrices: Define matrix, identify different kinds of matrices
• Equality of matrices, transpose of a matrix, symmetric and skew symmetric matrix-determine equality of two matrices, write transpose of given matrix, define symmetric and skew symmetric matrix

Mathematics/ applied mathematics (section-B2-applied mathematics): Unit 03

• Higher order derivatives: Determine second and higher order derivatives, understand differentiation of parametric functions and implicit functions identify dependent and independent variables
• Marginal cost and marginal revenue using derivatives: Define marginal cost and marginal revenue, find marginal cost and marginal revenue
• Maxima and minima: Determine critical points of the function, find the point(s) of local maxima and local minima and corresponding local maximum and local minimum values, find the absolute maximum and absolute minimum value of a function

Mathematics/ applied mathematics (section-B2-applied mathematics): Unit 04

• Probability distribution: Understand the concept of random variables and its probability distributions, find probability distribution of discrete random variable
• Mathematical expectation: Apply arithmetic mean of frequency distribution to find the expected value of a random variable
• Variance: Calculate the variance and S.D. of a random variable

Mathematics/ applied mathematics (section-B2-applied mathematics): Unit 05

• Index numbers: Define index numbers as a special type of average
• Construction of index numbers: Construct different type of index numbers
• Test of adequacy of index numbers: Apply time reversal test
• Population and sample: Define population and sample, differentiate between population and sample, define a representative sample from a population
• Parameter and statistics and statistical interferences: Define parameter with reference to population, define statistics with reference to sample, explain the relation between parameter and statistic
• Parameter and statistics and statistical interferences: Explain the limitation of statistic to generalize the estimation for population, interpret the concept of statistical significance and statistical inferences, state central limit theorem
• Parameter and statistics and statistical interferences: explain the relation between population-sampling distribution-sample
• Time series: Identify time series as chronological data
• Components of time series: Distinguish between different components of time series
• Time series analysis for univariate data: Solve practical problems based on statistical data and Interpret

Mathematics/ applied mathematics (section-B2-applied mathematics): Unit 06

• Perpetuity, sinking funds: Explain the concept of perpetuity and sinking fund, calculate perpetuity, differentiate between sinking fund and saving account
• Valuation of bonds: Define the concept of valuation of bond and related terms, calculate value of bond using present value approach

Mathematics/ applied mathematics (section-B2-applied mathematics): Unit 07

• Explain the concept of EMI, calculate EMI using various methods
• Linear method of depreciation: Define the concept of linear method of depreciation, interpret cost, residual value and useful life of an asset from the given information, calculate depreciation

Mathematics/ applied mathematics (section-B2-applied mathematics): Unit 08

• Introduction and related terminology: Familiarize with terms related to linear programming problem
• Mathematical formulation of linear programming problem: Formulate linear programming problem
• Different types of linear Programming problems: identify and formulate different types of LPP
• Graphical method of solution for problems in two variables: Draw the graph for a system of linear inequalities involving two variables and to find its solution graphically
• Feasible and infeasible regions: Identify feasible, infeasible and bounded regions
• Feasible and infeasible solutions, optimal feasible solution: Understand feasible and infeasible solutions, find optimal feasible solution

Performing arts (dance): Unit 01

• A brief history of other dance styles of India
• A basic understanding of the term Abhinaya and definition of its four aspects: Angika, vachika, aharya, and satvika
• Acquaintance of the three gharanas of kathak dance (Lucknow, Jaipur, Banaras)
• Rasa: Definition and explanation of nine rasas
• Knowledge of the following terms (short note): Sangeet, taal, laya, Angahara, Bhramari, Lokadharmi, Natyadharmi, rasa, and bhava
• Knowledge of the technical terminology of the dance form: (a) Definition of the following-(i) vandana, (ii) tihaayi, (iii) aamad, (iv) toda/ tukraa, (v) paran, (vi) chakradhar toda/ tukraa andparan, (vii) gat nikas, (viii) gat bhav
• Knowledge of the technical terminology of the dance form: (b) Knowledge of theka of dadra, kaharwa, roopak, jhap taal, teen taal, (c) definition of tali, khali, sam, tihaayi. (d) Ability to notate a tukraa/toda and paran
• Acquaintance with the traditional costumes and makeup

Performing arts (dance): Unit 02

• Acquaintance with the life history of the chief exponents and contributors of the past dance form. (Rukmini Devi Arundale, Bala Saraswati, Meenakshi Sundaram Pillai, Tanjore Quartette)
• Acquaintance with the contents of the Abhinaya Darpana (the chapters and the aspects of dance dealt within them)
• Knowledge of the following terms: (i) Nritta, Nritya, Natya (Sanskrit slokas from the Abhinaya Darpana and basic definition), Tandava (7 Tandavas with detailed stories) Lasya, Lokadharmi, Natyadharmi (definitions with example)
• Knowledge of the following terms: (ii) Sthana, Chari, Mandala, Bhramari, Utplavana (slokas and meaning from Abhinaya Darpana), (iii) Abhinaya (Angika, Vachika, Satvika, Aharya-slokas from the Abhinaya Darpana along with the meaning)
• Knowledge of the following terms: (iv) Sangeeta, tala, laya (definition of the term, seven teams, three ways), (v) rasa (names of the nine races and their English meanings)
• Knowledge of the technical terminology of the particular dance form (anyone to be studied by the dance style offered): (a) Definitions of the following-Araimandi, Muzhumandi, Kuttanam, Korvai, Karvai, Adavu, Shollu, Aradhi, Theerumanam, Jati, Jaati, Gati
• Knowledge of the technical terminology of the particular dance form (anyone to be studied by the dance style offered): (a) Definitions of the following-Avartana, Yati, Taalanga, Thattu Kazhi, Nattuvangam, Arangetram)
• Acquaintance with the traditional costumes makes up the dance style opted

Performing arts (dance): Unit 03

• A brief history and acquaintance with some traditional dance forms of the region, other than the one offered for study
• Acquaintance with the life history of the chief exponents of the dance form, past, and present
• knowledge of the following terms: (i) Nritta, Nritya, Natya, Tandava, Lasya, Lokadharmi, Natyadharmi, (ii) Chaturvidha Abhinaya (Angika, Vachika, Satyaki, Aharya) with special reference to Mukhaja Abhinaya, (iii) Sanchari Bhava, Sattvika Bhava
• Types of compositions and formats used in Kuchipudi definitions of the following: (a) Rangapooja, Shabdam, Ashtapadi, Kalaapam, (Bhama Kalapam, Golla Kalapam)

Performing arts (dance): Unit 04

• Elementary knowledge about the three styles of Chhau: Mayurbhanj, Seraikella, and Purulia
• Brief notes on the lives and contributions of the three Gurus: Guru Pankaj Charan Das, Guru Kelucharan Mohapatra, and Guru Deba Prasad Das
• Elementary introduction to the texts; Natya Shastra, Abhinaya Darpana, and Abhinaya Chandrika: (a) Identification of the author (approximate date), (b) basic overview of the broad areas covered in the context of each text
• Elementary introduction to the texts; Natya Shastra, Abhinaya Darpana, and Abhinaya Chandrika: (c) Myths regarding the origin of dance according to each text
• A basic understanding of the term Abhinaya and definition of its four aspects: Angika, Vatika, Acharya, and Sattvik
• Rasa: Definition and a short explanation of the nine rasas
• Short notes on: (a) The Acharyaa of Odissi. (b) The music accompaniment of Odissi
• Brief explanation of the following terms: (a) Nritta, Nritya, and Natya, (b) Matra, Laya, Taal, Avartana, Vibhaga (Anga), (c) Tandava and Lasya, (d) Natyadharmi and Lokadharmi
• Write some names of folk dances of Odisha

Performing arts (dance): Unit 05

• Acquaintance with the life history of chief exponents past and present of the dance form
• Acquaintance with the contents of Abhinaya Darpana
• Knowledge of the following terms: (a) Nritta, Nritya and Natya. Tandava, Lasya, Lokadharmi, Natyadharmi, (b) Abhinaya: Angika, Vachika, Aharya and Satvika, (c) Sangeet: Talalaya, (d) Rasa: Sthayi Bhava, Sanchari Bhava
• Knowledge of technical terms of the style: (a) Chali, Bhangi, Longley, Uplei, (b) different kinds of Choloms: Kartal Cholom, Khubak Eshei Cholom, Pung Cholom, (c) Sankirtan. Different talas, Rajmel, Menkup, Tanchap, (d) Different kinds of raas
• Acquaintance with the traditional costumes, and make-up for the dance style offered: (a) Potloi and its different components for Radha and Gopis, (b) Krishna’s costume
• Acquaintance with the traditional costumes, and make-up for the dance style offered: (c) Typical traditional makeup for Manipuri classical dances with an emphasis on Vaishnava Tilak

Performing arts (dance): Unit 06

• Acquaintance with the life history of the great masters of the dance form of both past and present
• Acquaintance with the contents of the Hastha Lakshana Deepika and Natyasastra
• Knowledge of the following terms: (i) Nritta, Nritya, Natya, Tandava, Lasya, Lokadharmi, Natyadharmi. (ii) Anga, Upanga, Pratyanga
• Knowledge of the following terms: (iii) Abhinaya (Angika, Vachika, Satvika, Aharaya) with special reference to Hasta-Abhinaya, Mukhaja-Abhinaya and Netra-Abhinaya, (iv) Sangeeta, tala, laya
• Knowledge of the following terms: (v) Rasa, Rasa Drishti, Sthaayibhava, Sthayi Drishti, Sanchari Bhava, Bhaava, Vibhava, Anubhava, and Sathvika Bhaava
• Knowledge of the technical terminology of the art forms: (a) Mudiyettu, Theyyam, Koodiyattam, Ramanattam, Krishnattam, Ottanthullal, and Kalaripayattu, (b) Hostas-Samyuktha, Asamyuta, Mishra, Nanartha from Hastalakshanadipika
• Knowledge of the technical terminology of the art forms: (c) Kaal Sadhakamirativatam. (d) Kalassam, Ashtakalasam, Kaliyattam, Cholliyattam, (e) Keli, Arangu Keli (Shudha Maddalam), Todayam, Purappadu, Melapada, and Dhanyasi
• Knowledge of the technical terminology of the art forms: (f) Chutti, Pachcha, Kathi, Thaadi, Kari, Minukku, (g) Rasa, Rasa Drishti, Sthaayibhava, Sthayi Drishti, Sanchari Bhava, Manodharma, Cholliyattam and Ilakiya Attam
• Knowledge of the technical terminology of the art forms: (h) Ability to write in notation talas learned under practicals
• Acquaintance with the traditional costumes and makeup of the dance style opted
• Knowledge of Kathakali music both vocal and percussion

Performing arts (drama theatre): Unit 01

• Survey of major modern and contemporary styles and works in Hindi/ English: Rabindranath Tagore, Bhartendu Harishchandra, Vijay Tendulkar, Mohan Rakesh, Dharmveer Bharti, Badal Sarkar, Shankar Shesh, Girish Karnad, Chandrashekhar Kambar
• Review of Indian theatre organizations-NSD, Sangeet Natak Academy, zonal cultural
• Practitioners of modern Indian theatre

Performing arts (drama theatre): Unit 02

• Survey of major contemporary styles and works in English or English translation: Chekov, Ibsen, Strindberg, Shaw, O’Neill, Ionesco, Beckett, Pinter, Stoppard

Performing arts (drama theatre): Unit 03

• Readings on theatre management and marketing

Performing arts (drama theatre): Unit 04

• Reading Stanislavsky, Strasberg
• Readings on play production

Performing arts (drama theatre): Unit 05

• History of theatre architecture, readings on production design-color theory, sets, costumes, lighting

Performing arts (drama theatre): Unit 06

• Examples of research projects in different aspects of theatre, choosing the scope of the individual project, using media and sources for the project

Performing arts (music-Hindustani melodic): Unit 01

• Gram, Murchhana, Varna, Alankar, Alap, Tana
• Gamak, Meend, Kan, Khatka, Murki, Krintan, Zamzama, Ghaseet, Sut

Performing arts (music-Hindustani melodic): Unit 02

• Classification of ragas-ancient, medieval, and modern
• historical development of time theory of ragas

Performing arts (music-Hindustani melodic): Unit 03

• Sangeet ratnakar
• Sangeet parijat
• Life sketch and contribution of Inayat Khan, Mushtaq Ali Khan, Alauddin Khan, Abdul Halim Zafar

Performing arts (music-Hindustani melodic): Unit 04

• Dugun, tiguan and chaugun: Jhaptaal, rupak, tilwada, dhamar, study of various parts and tuning of the instrument opted for

Performing arts (music-Hindustani melodic): Unit 05

• Raag description, raag recognition: Bhairav, bageshri, shuddha sarang, malkauns

Performing arts (music-Hindustani vocal): Unit 01

• Brief study of the following: Sadra, dadra, gram, murchhana, alap, tana

Performing arts (music-Hindustani vocal): Unit 02

• Classification of ragas-ancient, medieval, and modern
• historical development of time theory of ragas

Performing arts (music-Hindustani vocal): Unit 03

• Sangeet ratnakar
• Sangeet parijat
• Life sketch and contribution of Abdul Karim Khan, Faiyaz Khan, Bade Ghulam Ali Khan, Krishna Rao Shankar Pandit

Performing arts (music-Hindustani vocal): Unit 04

• Jhaptaal, rupak, tilwada, dhamar, study of various parts and tuning of tanpura

Performing arts (music-Hindustani vocal): Unit 05

• Writing in notation the compositions of prescribed ragas: Bhairav Bageshri Shuddha Sarang Malkauns

Performing arts (music-carnatic music-melodic instrumental): Unit 01

• An outline of knowledge of the following Lakshana Granthas: Sangita Saramrita Sangita Sampradaya Pradarsini, Swaramela Kalanidhi, and Ragavi Bhodha, Brihaddeshi
• Short life sketch and contributions of the following: Annamacharya, Swati Tirunal, Kshetrajna, Maha Vaidyanatha Iyer, Patnam Subramanya Iyer, Ramnad Srinivasa Iyengar Mysore Doraiswamy Iyengar, Dwaram Venkataswamy, Naidu Karaikudi brothers
• Short life sketch and contributions of the following: Mysore Vasudevachar
• Brief study of the musical form, Kriti, Thiruppugazh, Padam, Javali, and Tillana
• Detailed study of the Manodharma Sangita
• Definition and explanation of the following: Janaka, Janya system of Ragas, Bhashanga, Upanga, Varja, Vakra Ragas, Gamakas, Arudi, Eduppu, Jati, Prabandham, Grama, Murchchana, Jaati and Vishesha Prayogas
• Description of the ragas prescribed
• Candidates should be able to write in notation the Kriti/kirtana in the ragas prescribed
• The candidate should be able to describe the construction of the instrument opted for along with the basic techniques of playing
• The candidate should have an outline knowledge of the classification of instruments in general and a brief history of the instrument opted for

Performing arts (music-carnatic music-vocal): Unit 01

• Lakshana Grand has Sangita Saramrita, Sangita Sampradaya Pradarsini, Swaramela Kalanidhi, Raga Vibodha, Brihaddeshi

Performing arts (music-carnatic music-vocal): Unit 02

• Annamacharya, Kshetrajna, Swati Tirunal, Gopalakrishna Bharati, Maha Vaidyanatha Iyer, Patnam Subramanya Aiyar, Ramnad Srinivasa Iyengar, Mysore Vasudevachar
• A study of musical forms: Kriti, Padam, Javali, Tillana, Thiruppugazh, Ragamalika
• Detailed study of Manodharma Sangita

Performing arts (music-carnatic music-vocal): Unit 03

• Janaka-Janya ragas, Bhashanga, Upanga, Varja, Vakra ragas, Gamakas, Arudi, Eduppu, Prabandham, Grama, Murchana, Jaati
• Lakshanas of the ragas prescribed in practical activity
• Candidates should be able to write in the notation of the Kriti/ kirtana in the prescribed ragas
• Brief description of concert instruments, their construction, and techniques of playing
• Classification of musical Instruments in general

Performing arts (music-Rabindra Sangeet): Unit 01

• Knowledge of the Akar Matrix notation system
• Life sketch of Rabindranath Tagore (covering music composition)

Performing arts (music-Rabindra Sangeet): Unit 02

• Life-sketch with their musical contribution of the following: (a) Atul Prasad Sen, (b) Kaji Nazrul Islam, (c) Girish Chandra Ghosh
• History of any one of the following: (a) Regional folk song (Bhatiali, Baul, Jhumur, Bhawaiya). (b) Kirtan

Performing arts (music-percussion): Unit 01

• Short notes on the following: Uthan, Peshkar, Chakradar, and Baant
• Comparative study of the following: (a) Chautala-ektala, (b) Jhaptaal-sultana, (c) Teentala-tilwada

Performing arts (music-percussion): Unit 02

• Brief description of gharanas of tabla or pakhawaj

Performing arts (music-percussion): Unit 03

• Brief history of medieval and modern period of hindustani music especially in the field of percussion instruments

Performing arts (music-percussion): Unit 04

• Pandit Kishan Maharaj, Ustad Karamatullah Khan, and Ustad Zakir Hussain
• Salient features of style and biography of Raja Chhatrapati Singh, Guru Purushottam Das, and Pandit Pagal Das

Performing arts (music-percussion): Unit 05

• Recognition of talas from a given portion of the texas and compositions
• Prescribe talas: Teentala or Adi Tala, Rupak or Tevra

Performing arts (music-percussion): Unit 06

• An outline knowledge of following Lakshana Granthas with special reference to tala and percussion in Chaturdandi Prakashika, Sangita Ratnakara, Raga Vibodha, Swaramela Kalanidhi.
• Short life sketch and contributions of the following luminaries: Needamangalam Meenakshi Sundaram Pillai, Tanjore Vaidyanatha Iyer, Palghat Mani Iyer, Umayalpuram Kodanda Rama Iyer, Pudukkottai Swaminatha Pillai, Palani Subramania Pillai, Vilwadri Iyer
• Study of the musical forms, Pallavi, Sollukattu, Tillana, Padam, and Javali
• Definition and explanation of the following: Padagarbham, Arudi, Eduppu, Gati-Bheda, Anuloma, Pratiloma, Tisram, Trikalam, Theka, 108 talas, Shadangas, Thiruppugazh talas, Talavadya ensemble
• The candidates should have an outline knowledge of the classification of Percussion instruments in general and a brief history of the instrument opted for
• Technical terms: Vilamba, Madhya, Druta, Antietam, Anagatam, Pharan, Kala Pramanam, Ghumki, Konnakkol, Choru, Varu, Toppi
• The candidate should possess knowledge of the fundamental structure, technique, and playing of other percussion instruments like Morsing, tabla, Chenda, Edakka, and Gethu Vadyam

Physical education/ National Cadet Corps (NCC)/ yoga: Unit 01

• Games and sports as man’s cultural heritage: An understanding that sports have been a part of our culture and tradition since time immemorial
• Development of the individual through games and sports: Understanding how games and sports contribute in various ways towards the development of an individual
• Role of physical education in promoting national integration: How physical education helps in promoting national integration
• Physical education and personality development: The role of physical education in development of personal qualities like an individual attitude, discipline, helpfulness, team spirit, patience, unity, friendship, etc

Physical education/ National Cadet Corps (NCC)/ yoga: Unit 02

• Meaning and importance of sports training: Definition of sports training and its importance
• Methods of training: Methods of training-repetition, continuous and fartlek, and interval-definition, purpose, advantages and procedure of each
• Advantages of warming up, conditioning and cooling/ limbering
• Isometric and isotonic exercises: Meaning, advantages and examples of each
• Circuit training: Meaning and advantages of circuit training; procedure of conducting circuit training
• Weight training: Meaning and advantages of weight training
• An understanding of how the above training methods help an individual in different sports and help develop strength, speed, stamina, skill, endurance

Physical education/ National Cadet Corps (NCC)/ yoga: Unit 03

• Career options in physical education: Professional sportsmen, sports manager, teacher/ lecturer, sports coach, gym instructor, sports officials, sports events coordinators, sports journalist and commentator, sports software engineer
• Career options in physical education: Marketing and manufacturing of sports equipment
• Important institutions of physical education in India: Functions and objectives of Netaji Subhash National Institute of Sports (N.S.N.I.S.), Sports Authority of India (S.A.I), International Olympic Committee (I.O.C), Indian Olympic Association (IOA)
• Important institutions of physical education in India: YMCA College of Physical Education (Chennai), Lucknow Christian College of Physical Education (LCCPE), Laxmibai National University of Physical Education (LNIPE)
• Important institutions of physical education in India: Development of training facilities, coaching systems, influence of media and sponsors
• Tournaments and types of tournaments: Candidates should be fully aware of-(a) the definition of ‘tournament’. (b) The types of tournaments: Fixtures, Knock-out, league matches (seeding and byes). (c) Merits and demerits of tournaments
• Tournaments and types of tournaments: Candidates should be fully aware of-(d) objectives and importance of intramural and extramural competitions
• Tournaments and types of tournaments: Candidates should be fully aware of-(e) names of the national and international federations/ bodies controlling the various tournaments/ competitions
• Difference between professional and amateur players

Physical education/ National Cadet Corps (NCC)/ yoga: Unit 04

• Meaning and definition of ‘health’ and ‘health education’: Meaning and definition of ‘health’ (mental health and physical health) and ‘health education’
• Principles and importance of health education
• Health problems and role of health education in solving them: Principles and objectives of health education. Importance of health education for adults and the younger generation through formal and non-formal channels of education
• Health problems and role of health education in solving them: Various prevalent health problems-communicable diseases-meaning, examples and common mode of spread. Epidemics-meaning and examples
• Health problems and role of health education in solving them: Water, noise, and air pollution-causes and prevention; occupational health hazards-meaning and examples
• Disability and rehabilitation: Causes of disability. General principles for prevention of disability; meaning and scope of rehabilitation; services available for rehabilitation
• Disability and rehabilitation: Role of the community and government organizations in rehabilitation programmes
• Posture: Meaning of posture. Correct posture-meaning, importance of correct posture (standing, sitting, walking). Common postural deformities: Kyphosis, scoliosis, lordosis, flat foot, knock-knees, bowlegged, hunch back
• Posture: Round shoulders-meaning, causes and corrective measures for each
• Personal hygiene and sleep requirements: Personal hygiene-meaning of personal hygiene, importance of personal hygiene for a healthy lifestyle. Care of eyes, ears, feet, hair, skin, oral hygiene, nose and clothing
• Personal hygiene and sleep requirements: Foot care-causes of corns, broken nails due to tight footwear; causes of diseases like ringworm, athletes foot due to walking in wet areas; proper care of feet
• Personal hygiene and sleep requirements: Sleep requirements-sleep requirements for different age groups. Effects of insufficient sleep on human body
• Substance abuse: Effects of use of alcohol and smoking on the individual and society. Drugs: Meaning of ‘drugs’ and ‘drug abuse’; stimulants and narcotics-analgesics
• Substance abuse: Drugs-awareness of the fact that use of certain drugs has been banned by World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) and National Anti-Doping Agency (NADA) and reasons for the same

Physical education/ National Cadet Corps (NCC)/ yoga: Unit 05

• Sports related injuries: Types of sports related injuries-soft tissue injuries (contusion, abrasion, strain and sprain) bone injuries (fracture) and joint injuries (dislocation): Cause and prevention of each
• Role of a sportsperson in prevention of sports related accidents: Types of injuries due to-sudden movement; environment (hot, cold, wet and dry); lack of preparation (warm up, cool down); inadequate clothing, body protection; not following instructions
• Role of a sportsperson in prevention of sports related accidents: Types of injuries due to-surface and facilities, equipment being unsafe. Role of individual in prevention of sports related accidents
• First aid: Meaning and importance of ‘first aid’. First aid for various sports related injuries. First Aid for cuts, grazes, strains, sprains, cramps, blisters, bruises, injuries of bone (fracture and dislocation); application of splints and Thomas splint
• First aid: First aid in drowning; cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and rest, ice, compression and elevation (RICE)

Physical education/ National Cadet Corps (NCC)/ yoga: Unit 06

• Motor fitness test: 50 M standing start, 600 M run/ walk, sit and reach partial curl up, push ups (boys), modified push-ups (girls), standing broad jump, agility-4x10m shuttle run
• General motor fitness: Barrow three-item general motor ability (standing broad jump, zig zag run, medicine ball put-for boys: 03 kg and for girls: 01 kg)
• Measurement of cardiovascular fitness: Harvard step test/ rockport test, computation of fitness index: Duration of the exercise in seconds x 1005.5 x pulse count of 1-1.5 min after exercise
• Rikli and Jones-senior citizen fitness test: (a) Chair stand test for lower body strength, (b) arm curl test for upper body strength, (c) chair sit and reach test for lower body flexibility, (d) back scratch test for upper body flexibility
• Rikli and Jones-senior citizen fitness test: (e) Eight foot up and go test for agility, (f) six minute walk test for aerobic endurance

Physical education/ National Cadet Corps (NCC)/ yoga: Unit 07

• Meaning and importance of biomechanics in sports, types of movements (flexion, extension, abduction and adduction), Newton’s law of motion and its application in sports, friction and sports

Physical education/ National Cadet Corps (NCC)/ yoga: Unit 08

• Personality; its definition and types-trait and types (Sheldon and Jung classification) and big five theory, motivation, its type and techniques, exercise adherence; reasons to exercise, benefits of exercise, strategies for enhancing adherence to exercise
• Meaning, concept and types of aggressions in sports

Physics: Unit 01

• Electric charges; conservation of charge
• Coulomb’s law-force between two point charges, forces between multiple charges; superposition principle and continuous charge distribution
• Electric field, electric field due to a point charge, electric field lines; electric dipole, electric field due to a dipole; torque on a dipole in uniform electric field
• Electric flux, statement of Gauss’s theorem and its applications to find field due to infinitely long straight wire, uniformly charged infinite plane sheet and uniformly charged thin spherical shell (field inside and outside)
• Electric potential, potential difference, electric potential due to a point charge, a dipole and system of charges; equipotential surfaces, electrical potential energy of a system of two point charges, and of electric dipole in an electrostatic field
• Conductors and insulators, free charges and bound charges inside a conductor
• Dielectrics and electric polarization, capacitor and capacitance, the combination of capacitors in series and in parallel, the capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor with and without dielectric medium between the plates, energy stored in a capacitor
• Van De Graaff generator

Physics: Unit 02

• Electric current, flow of electric charges in a metallic conductor, drift velocity and mobility, and their relation with electric current; Ohm’s law, electrical resistance, V-I characteristics, (linear and nonlinear) electrical energy and power
• Electrical resistivity and conductivity
• Carbon resistors, colour code for carbon resistors; series and parallel combinations of resistors; temperature dependence of resistance
• Internal resistance of a cell, potential difference and emf of a cell, combination of cells in series and in parallel
• Kirchhoff’s laws and simple applications
• Wheatstone bridge, meter bridge
• Potentiometer-principle and its applications to measure potential difference, and for comparing EMF of two cell; measurement of internal resistance of a cell

Physics: Unit 03

• Concept of magnetic field, Oersted’s experiment
• Biot-Savart law, and its application to current carrying circular loop
• Ampere’s law and its applications to infinitely long straight wire, straight and tropical solenoids
• Force on a moving charge in uniform magnetic and electric fields
• Cyclotron
• Force on a current-carrying conductor in a uniform magnetic field
• The force between two parallel current-carrying conductors-definition of ampere
• Torque experienced by a current loop in uniform magnetic field; moving coil galvanometer-its current sensitivity and conversion to ammeter and voltmeter
• Current loop as a magnetic dipole and its magnetic dipole moment
• The magnetic dipole moment of a revolving electron
• Magnetic field intensity due to a magnetic dipole (bar magnet) along its axis and perpendicular to its axis
• Torque on a magnetic dipole (bar magnet) in a uniform magnetic field; bar magnet as an equivalent solenoid, magnetic field lines; earth’s magnetic field and magnetic elements
• Para, dia, and ferromagnetic substances with examples
• Electromagnets and factors affecting their strengths
• Permanent magnets

Physics: Unit 04

• Electromagnetic induction, Faraday’s laws, induced emf and current; Lenz’s law, Eddy currents
• Self and mutual inductance
• Alternating currents, peak and RMS value of alternating current/ voltage, reactance and impedance; LC oscillations, (qualitative treatment only), LCR series circuit, resonance; power in AC circuits, wattless current
• AC generator and transformer

Physics: Unit 05

• Need for displacement current
• Electromagnetic waves and their characteristics (qualitative ideas only)
• Transverse nature of electromagnetic waves
• Electromagnetic spectrum (radio-waves, microwaves, infrared, visible, ultraviolet, X-rays, gamma rays) including elementary facts about their uses

Physics: Unit 06

• Reflections of light, spherical mirrors, mirror formula
• Refraction of light total internal reflection, and its applications, optical fibers, refraction at spherical surfaces, lenses, thin lens formula, lens-maker’s formula
• Magnification, power of a lens, combination of thin lenses in contact combination of a lens and a mirror
• Refraction and dispersion of light through a prism
• Scattering of light-blue colour of the sky and reddish appearance of the sun at sunrise, and sunset
• Optical instruments: Human eye, image formation, and accommodation, correction of eye defects (myopia, hypermetropia) using lenses
• Microscopes and astronomical telescopes (reflection and refraction) and their magnifying powers
• Wave optics: Wavefront and Huygens principle; reflection and refraction of plane wave at a plane surface using wave fronts
• Proof of laws of reflection and refraction using Huygens principle
• Interference Young’s double slit experiment and expression for fringe width, coherent sources, and sustained interference of light
• Diffraction due to a single slit, width of central maximum
• Resolving power of microscopes and astronomical telescopes
• Polarization, plane polarized light; Brewster’s law, uses of plane polarized light and polaroid

Physics: Unit 07

• Photoelectric effect, Hertz and Lenard’s observation; Einstein’s photoelectric equation-particle nature of light
• Matter waves-wave nature of particles, De-Broglie relation, Davisson Germer experiment

Physics: Unit 08

• Alpha-particle scattering experiment, Rutherford’s model of atom; Bohr model, energy levels, hydrogen spectrum
• Composition and size of nucleus, atomic masses, isotopes, isobars, isotones
• Radioactivity-alpha, beta, and gamma particles/ rays and their properties; radioactive decay law
• Mass-energy relation, mass defect, binding energy per nucleon and its variation with mass number; nuclear fission and fusion

Physics: Unit 09

• Energy bands in solids (qualitative ideas only), conductors, insulators, and semiconductors; semiconductor diode-I-V characteristics in forward and reverse bias, diode as a rectifier; I-V characteristics of LED, photodiode, solar cell, and zener diode
• Zener diode as a voltage regulator
• Junction transistor, transistor action, characteristics of transistor; transistor as an amplifier (common emitter configuration) and oscillator
• Logic gates (OR, AND, NOT, NAND, and NOR): Transistor as a switch

Physics: Unit 10

• Elements of a communication systems (block diagram only); bandwidth of signals (speech, TV and digital data); bandwidth of transmission medium
• Propagation of electromagnetic waves in the atmosphere, sky and space wave propagation
• Need for modulation
• Production and detection of an amplitude-modulated wave

Political science: Unit 01

• Era of one-party dominance: First three general elections, nature of congress dominance at the national level, uneven dominance at the state level, coalitional nature of congress. Major opposition parties
• Nation-building and its problems: Nehru's approach to nation-building, legacy of partition, challenge of 'refugee' resettlement, the Kashmir problem. Organization and reorganization of states; political conflict over language
• Politics of planned development: Five year plans, expansion of state sector and the rise of new economic interests. Famine and suspension of five year plans. Green revolution and its political fallouts
• India's external relations: Nehru's foreign policy. Sino-Indian war of 1962, Indo-Pak war of 1965 and 1971. India's nuclear programme and shifting alliances in world politics
• Challenge to and restoration of congress system: Political succession after Nehru. Non-congressism and electoral upset of 1967, congress split and reconstitution, congress' victory in 1971 elections, politics of 'garibi hatao'
• Crisis of the constitutional order: Search for committed bureaucracy and judiciary. Navnirman movement in Gujarat and the Bihar movement. Emergency: Context, constitutional, and extra-constitutional dimensions
• Crisis of the constitutional order: Resistance to emergency. 1977 election and the formation of Janata Party. Rise of civil liberties organizations
• Regional aspirations and conflicts: Rise of regional parties. Punjab crisis and the anti-Sikh riots of 1984. The Kashmir situation. Challenges and responses in the north east
• Rise of new social movements: Farmers’ movements, women's movement, environment and development-affected people's movements. Implementation of mandal commission report and its aftermath
• Democratic upsurge and coalition politics: Participatory upsurge in 1990s. Rise of the JD and the BJP. Increasing role of regional parties and coalition politics. UF and NDA governments. Elections 2004 and UPA government
• Recent issues and challenges: Challenge of and responses to globalization-new economic policy and its opposition. Rise of OBCS in north Indian politics. Dalit politics in electoral and non-electoral arena
• Recent issues and challenges: Challenge of communalism-ayodhya dispute, Gujarat riots

Political science: Unit 02

• Cold War era in world politics: Emergence of two power blocs after the Second World War. Arenas of the Cold War. Challenges to bipolarity: Non Aligned movement, quest for new international economic order. India and the Cold War
• Disintegration of the 'Second World' and the collapse of bipolarity: New entities in world politics-Russia, Balkan states and central Asian states, introduction of democratic politics and capitalism in post-communist regimes
• Disintegration of the 'second world" and the collapse of bipolarity: India's relations with Russia and other post-communist countries
• US dominance in world politics: Growth of unilateralism-Afghanistan, first Gulf war, response to 9/ 11 and attack on Iraq. Dominance and challenge to the US in economy and ideology. India's renegotiation of its relationship with the USA
• Alternative centers of economic and political power: Rise of China as an economic power in post-Mao era, creation, and expansion of European union, ASEAN. India's changing relations with China
• South Asia in the post-cold war era: Democratization and its reversals in Pakistan and Nepal. Ethnic conflict in Sri Lanka, Impact of economic globalization on the region. Conflicts and efforts for peace in South Asia
• South Asia in the post-cold war era: India's relations with its neighbours
• International organizations in a unipolar world: Restructuring and the future of the UN. India's position in the restructured UN. Rise of new international actors: New international economic organisations, NGOs
• International organizations in a unipolar world: How democratic and accountable are the new institutions of global governance?
• Security in contemporary world: Traditional concerns of security and politics of disarmament. Non-traditional or human security: Global poverty, health and education. Issues of human rights and migration
• Environment and natural resources in global politics: Environment movement and evolution of global environmental norms. Conflicts over traditional and common property resources. Rights of indigenous people. India’s stand-in global environmental debates
• Globalization and Its critics: Economic, cultural and political manifestations. Debates on the nature of consequences of globalization. Anti-globalization movements. India as an arena of globalization and struggle against it

Psychology: Unit 01

• The unit aims at studying how people differ with respect to their various psychological attributes
• Individual differences in human functioning; assessment psychological attributes; intelligence: Individual difference in intelligence; theories of intelligence; culture and intelligence
• Emotional intelligence: Special abilities-aptitude-nature and measurement; creativity; emotional intelligence

Psychology: Unit 02

• This unit focuses on the study of self and personality in the context of different approaches in an effort to appraise the person
• The assessment of personality will also be discussed
• Self-esteem, self-efficacy, and self-regulation; culture and self; concept of personality; major approaches-type and trait, psychodynamic, humanistic, behavioural, cultural
• Assessment of personality: Self report measures, behavioural analysis, and projective measures

Psychology: Unit 03

• This unit deals with the nature of stress and how responses to stress depend on an individual’s appraisal of stressors
• Strategies to cope with stress will also be dealt with
• Nature, types and sources of stress; effects on psychological functioning and health; coping with stress; promoting positive health and well-being

Psychology: Unit 04

• This unit discusses the concepts of normality and abnormality and the major psychological disorders
• Concepts of abnormality and psychological disorder; classification of disorders; factors underlying abnormal behaviour, major psychological disorders-anxiety, somatic, dissociative, mood, schizophrenic, developmental and behavioural-substance related

Psychology: Unit 05

• The unit discusses the goals, techniques, and effectiveness of different approaches to treating psychological disorders
• Nature and process of therapy: Therapeutic relationship; types of therapies: Psychodynamic, humanistic, cognitive, behavior, and biomedical; alternative therapies-yoga, meditation; rehabilitation of mentally ill

Psychology: Unit 06

• This unit focuses on the formation and change of attitudes, cultural influences on attributional tendencies, and conditions influencing prosocial behaviour
• Explaining social behaviour: Impression formation and explaining behaviour of others through attributions; social cognition; schemas and stereotypes; nature and components of attitudes; attitude formation and change; behaviour in the presence of others
• Explaining social behaviour: Pro-social behaviour; prejudice and discrimination; strategies for handling prejudice

Psychology: Unit 07

• The unit deals with the concept of the group, its functions, and the dynamics of social influence on conformity, obedience, and compliance
• Different conflict resolution strategies will also be discussed
• Conformity, obedience, and compliance; cooperation and competition; nature and formation of groups; types of groups; social identity; influence of the group on individual behaviour; intergroup conflicts; conflict resolution strategies

Psychology: Unit 08

• The unit focuses on the application of psychological understanding to some important social issues
• Human-environment relationship; environmental effects on human behaviour: Noise, pollution, crowding, natural disasters; promoting pro-environmental behaviour; psychology, and social concerns: Aggression, violence and peace
• Psychology, and social concerns: Discrimination and poverty, health, impact of television on behaviour

Psychology: Unit 09

• The unit deals with some effective psychological and interpersonal skills for facilitating personal social development
• Effective psychological skills: Observational skills, interviewing skills, testing skills counselling skills-empathy, authenticity, positive regard, and communication skills-listening

Sociology: Unit 01

• Introduction Indian society-colonialism, nationalism, class, and community, demographic structure, rural-urban linkages, and divisions

Sociology: Unit 02

• Family and kinship, the cast system, tribal society, the market as a social institution

Sociology: Unit 03

• Caste prejudice, scheduled castes and other backward classes, marginalization of tribal communities, the struggle for women’s equality, the protection of religious minorities, caring for the differently able

Sociology: Unit 04

• Problems of communalism, regionalism, casteism, and patriarchy, role of the state in a plural and unequal society, what we share

Sociology: Unit 05

• Process of structural change: Colonialism, industrialization, urbanization, process of cultural change: Modernization, westernization, sanskritisation, secularization, social reform movements and laws

Sociology: Unit 06

• The constitution as an instrument of social change, parties, pressure groups, and democratic politics, panchayati raj and the challenges of social transformation

Sociology: Unit 07

• Land reforms, the green revolution and agrarian society, from planned industrialization to liberalization, change in the class structure

Sociology: Unit 08

• Media and social change, globalization and social change

Sociology: Unit 09

• Media and social change, globalization and social change

Sociology: Unit 10

• Class-based movement: Workers, peasants, caste-based movements: Dalit movement, backward castes, trends in upper caste reponses, women’s movement in independent India, tribal movements, environmental movements

Teaching aptitude: Unit 01

Teaching aptitude: Unit 02

Teaching aptitude: Unit 03

Teaching aptitude: Unit 04

Teaching aptitude: Unit 05

Teaching aptitude: Unit 06

Teaching aptitude: Unit 07

Teaching aptitude: Unit 08

General test: Unit 01

General test: Unit 02

General test: Unit 03

General test: Unit 04

General test: Unit 05

• Simple application of basic mathematical concepts arithmetic/ algebra geometry/ mensuration/ stat taught till Grade 8

General test: Unit 06